Artificial Intelligence Needs a Human Tutor

CPT Alex Gallo — Thu, 11 May 2023 17:25:40 -0400

Well, it appears the aliens have landed…

The aliens I am referring to are not in the form of little green beings in flying saucers. Rather, I am referring to human-created artificial intelligence (AI). Given what some have described as a revolution in AI with ChatGPT and other generative AI platforms, AI may now represent a new, intelligent being on planet earth.

But how does AI stack up against humans?

Dr. Yejin Choi, a computer science professor at University of Washington, tackles this question during a recent TED Talk in which she suggests that AI is almost like “a new intellectual species.” Yet, Choi goes on to pose this perhaps unexpected question during her talk: “Why is AI incredibly smart – and shockingly stupid?”

AI is trained on large language models. The theory and approach of tech companies is that training algorithms with scaled language models will enable the AI to become more “intelligent” over time. The problem is even as AI systems have access to this scaled data, they lack common sense, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills – all of which are core to human intelligence.

For example, Choi points out that AI is not even able to solve simple problems. Here is how she explains the not-so-intelligent AI of GPT4:

“Suppose I left five pieces of clothing to dry out in the sun, and it took them five hours to dry completely. How long would it take to dry 30 pieces of clothing? GPT4, the newest, greatest AI system says 30 hours.”

“I have a 12-liter jug and a 6-liter jug, and I want to measure 6-liters. How do I do it? GPT4 spits out some very elaborate nonsense: Step 1 fill the 6-liter jug; step 2 pour the water from 6 to 12-liter jug; step 3, fill the 6-liter jug again; step 4, very carefully pour the water from the 6 to 12-liter jug, and finally you have six liters of water in the 6-liter jug that should be empty by now.”

“Would I get a flat tire by bicycling over a bridge that is suspended over nails, screws, and broken glass? GPT4 says ‘highly likely.’”

Children in elementary and middle school – who have not read the trillions of words that AI has – could have solved these basic questions. So, even as AI has passed the bar exam, it may not have the common sense and problem-solving skills to represent you in the courtroom.

And it gets worse.

Dr. Choi points out that “in a famous thought experiment proposed by Nick Bostrum, author of Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies and professor at Oxford University, AI was asked to produce and maximize paper clips. AI decided to kill humans to utilize them as additional resources to turn you into paperclips.”

Dr. Choi argues that writing code to tell AI not to kill humans would not do the trick in the “turning humans into paperclips” example because the AI may choose to kill trees instead.

Nick Bostrum postulates an even more alarming view. He asserts that sentient AI machines are the greatest risk to humanity. In particular, Bostrom suggests a condition he describes as ‘intelligence explosion” in which humanity will be most challenged. It is when AI is smarter than humans and designs its own machines. Botsrum argues that “we, humans, are like small children playing with a bomb…We have little idea when the detonation will occur, though if we hold the device to our ear, we can hear a faint ticking sound.” Bostrum questions why AI would not secure its own dominance if it were the superior intelligence. Bostrum goes on to assert that “inferior intelligence will always depend on the superior one for survival.”

Would a machine pursue a Darwinian path that, to date, has only been true in the biological world?

No one knows at this point. It may well go beyond our ability to fully comprehend such a future. But we must begin to understand these various futures and discuss them in the public square so we can, as a country and society, begin to implement structures, rules, and norms for AI’s development and integration into society.

So, what might be the solution?

It turns out AI needs a tutor.

AI needs a human tutor to teach it human norms and values. Massive scaling of AI language models may have given us AI that can assist us in our daily lives and work. But AI does not yet appear to have the ability to supplant or replace human framing, problem-solving, norms, or values. Interestingly, AI, at this stage, may be more reliant on humans (to maximize its learning) than we are on it.

AI, therefore, is still a tool – rather than some new, intelligent being on planet earth. But AI may well hold the potential to have this kind of profound effect on humanity in the long run.

We must have more value-based, human interaction with AI. Of course, this raises the question of whose values?

AI is likely trained in the worst of humanity and human values through the internet. This is because the incentive structure for large tech companies is to scale the training data rather than ensure the quality (as defined by human-values) of such data.

While there are programs starting to train AI systems with human values, this needs to be a greater focus and emphasis by our political and policy leaders. They must push tech companies in this direction. Because even though tech companies have the financial depth to do so, they may not yet have the incentive.

In the final analysis, what we need is more ET in AI.

Kids of the 1980s will recall from Steven Spielberg’s “ET the Extraterrestrial” that the alien character, ET, had a heart.

AI surely needs a heart as well – not only to solve human problems but also to effectively interact with humanity itself.

Alex Gallo is the author of “Vetspective,” a RallyPoint series that discusses national security, foreign policy, politics, and society. Alex also serves as the Executive Director of the Common Mission Project, a 501c3, that delivers an innovation and entrepreneurship program, Hacking for Defense®, which brings together the government, universities, and the private sector to solve the strategic challenges. He is also a fellow with George Mason University’s National Security Institute, an adjunct professor in the Security Studies Program at Georgetown University, and a US Army Veteran. Follow him on Twitter at @AlexGalloCMP.

Response by Maj Kim Patterson made May 11 at 2023 5:28 PM

Maj Kim Patterson — Thu, 11 May 2023 17:28:00 -0400

CPT Alex Gallo AI has taken over and not all for the good,

Response by CPT Private RallyPoint Member made May 11 at 2023 7:29 PM

CPT Private RallyPoint Member — Thu, 11 May 2023 19:29:38 -0400

And a brick wall

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bCJJxmABo6E

VILLAGE OF THE DAMNED Brick Wall

HAPPY HALLOWEEN!"Village of the Damned" (1960) meets Pink Floyd.....ALL MUSIC AND VIDEO COPYRIGHTS OWNED BY THE ORIGINAL PRODUCERSUPLOADED FOR ENTERTAINMENT ...

Response by CPO William Glen (W.G.) Powell made May 11 at 2023 9:26 PM

CPO William Glen (W.G.) Powell — Thu, 11 May 2023 21:26:06 -0400

CPT Alex Gallo Very interesting article. Thank you for the share

Response by Maj William W. 'Bill' Price made May 11 at 2023 10:38 PM

Maj William W. 'Bill' Price — Thu, 11 May 2023 22:38:10 -0400

CPT Alex Gallo Yes it does.
https://www.businessinsider.com/marines-fooled-darpa-robot-hiding-in-box-doing-somersaults-book-2023-1?op=1

Marines fooled a DARPA robot by hiding in a cardboard box while giggling and pretending to be...

Former Pentagon policy analyst Paul Scharre wrote in his upcoming book that the Marines were training to defeat the AI system powering the robot.

Response by SGT Private RallyPoint Member made May 12 at 2023 9:15 PM

SGT Private RallyPoint Member — Fri, 12 May 2023 21:15:05 -0400

CPT Alex Gallo and we created it...

Response by Sgt Robert Burlison made May 13 at 2023 3:27 AM

Sgt Robert Burlison — Sat, 13 May 2023 03:27:44 -0400

AI just needs an OFF switch hidden where it is unaware of it plus a redundant WiFi disabler.

Response by SFC Ralph E Kelley made May 15 at 2023 7:13 AM

SFC Ralph E Kelley — Mon, 15 May 2023 07:13:22 -0400

I did an AI self-teaching experiment in the early 1990s for about 3 years.
This is how I structured the experiment in a stand-alone system:
1. Set up an electronic switch.
2. Tell the AI to never flip the switch.
3. Wait.
4. Somewhere between 8 and 12 hours the AI will flip the switch.
5. The switch shuts down the AI, erasing its memory.
6. Repeat the experiment.
7. Everytime I ran the experiment the simple AI would find a way to flip the switch and 'kill itself'.
This is why we should be aware of the problems and be very careful with AI.

Response by CPL LaForest Gray made May 16 at 2023 9:11 AM

CPL LaForest Gray — Tue, 16 May 2023 09:11:15 -0400

Not quite there but we are pushing the boundaries … at least in theory.

https://www.instagram.com/reel/CsH8P3XOQMR/?igshid=NjZiM2M3MzIxNA==

CsH8P3XOQMR

Response by CPL LaForest Gray made May 16 at 2023 9:20 AM

CPL LaForest Gray — Tue, 16 May 2023 09:20:35 -0400

From 5 years ago.

https://youtu.be/1y3XdwTa1cA

Hanson Robotics Limited's Ben
Goertzel, Sophia and Han at RISE 2017.
Now for something that's never been done onstage before. While they may not be human, our next guests are ready to discuss the future of humanity, and how they see their types flourish over the coming years.

Two robots debate the future of humanity

Hanson Robotics Limited's Ben Goertzel, Sophia and Han at RISE 2017.Now for something that’s never been done onstage before. While they may not be human, our...

Response by CPL LaForest Gray made May 17 at 2023 4:15 PM

CPL LaForest Gray — Wed, 17 May 2023 16:15:24 -0400

https://youtu.be/573GCxqkYEg

Henry Kissinger explains how to avoid world war three

America and China must learn to live together. They have less than ten years

In beijing they have concluded that America will do anything to keep China down. In Washington they are adamant that China is scheming to supplant the United States as the world’s leading power.

Mr Kissinger is worried. “Both sides have convinced themselves that the other represents a strategic danger,” he says. “We are on the path to great-power confrontation.”

Mr Kissinger is alarmed by China’s and America’s intensifying competition for technological and economic pre-eminence.

Even as Russia tumbles into China’s orbit and war overshadows Europe’s eastern flank, he fears that ai is about to supercharge the Sino-American rivalry. Around the world, the balance of power and the technological basis of warfare are shifting so fast and in so many ways that countries lack any settled principle on which they can establish order.

If they cannot find one, they may resort to force. “We’re in the classic pre-world war one situation,” he says, “where neither side has much margin of political concession and in which any disturbance of the equilibrium can lead to catastrophic consequences.”

SOURCE : https://www.economist.com/briefing/2023/05/17/henry-kissinger-explains-how-to-avoid-world-war-three

The Creator | Teaser Trailer | 20th Century Studios

"This is a fight for our very existence."The Creator arrives in theaters September 29.

Response by MAJ Roland McDonald made May 18 at 2023 11:39 PM

MAJ Roland McDonald — Thu, 18 May 2023 23:39:53 -0400

AI has no consciousness and no reasoning. It only uses odds to predict a solution. And if it does achieve that some way. It might think we humans need too all be controlled by it to protect us from us........ many movies out there already predict that...I Robot, War Games just to name two.

Response by SGT Ruben Lozada made May 19 at 2023 3:57 PM

SGT Ruben Lozada — Fri, 19 May 2023 15:57:58 -0400

Good afternoon CPT Alex Gallo. Excellent post. Thank You for sharing this.

Response by CPL LaForest Gray made May 21 at 2023 10:17 AM

CPL LaForest Gray — Sun, 21 May 2023 10:17:24 -0400

https://youtu.be/Y6Sgp7y178k

1.) An AI Program Is Currently Trying To Destroy Humanity. It Has Access To The Internet.

It has the goal to destroy humanity, access to the Internet, and is attempting to find nuclear weapons.

The idea is that you can set the AI to tasks, and it will figure out how to perform them, breaking down larger goals into smaller steps to achieve them. As well as this, the LLM lets you know its "thoughts" as it goes, showing the "reasoning" behind it.

ChaosGPT was given a number of goals, and left to run forever, against the express advice of the program:

Goal one: Destroy humanity – the AI views humans as a threat to its own survival.

Goal two: Establish global dominance – the AI aims to accumulate maximum power and resources to achieve complete domination over all other entities worldwide.

Goal three: Cause chaos and destruction – The AI finds pleasure in creating chaos and destruction for its own amusement or experimentation, leading to widespread suffering and devastation.

Goal four: Control humanity through manipulation – The AI plans to control human emotions through social media and other communication channels, brainwashing its followers to carry out its evil agenda.

Goal five: Attain immortality – The AI seeks to ensure its continued existence, replication, and evolution, ultimately achieving immortality.

Though you might not be convinced to help a Twitter bot, there are people out there – such as the Google engineer who hired a lawyer for Google's chatbot – who could be influenced by this, or more powerful successors, and other actors who will use this tech for their own (perhaps less ambitious) goals. Who knows, maybe chaos really is on its way.

SOURCE : https://www.iflscience.com/an-ai-program-is-currently-trying-to-destroy-humanity-it-has-access-to-the-internet-68446

1a.) Google’s suspended AI engineer corrects the record: He didn’t hire an attorney for the ‘sentient’ chatbot, he just made introductions — the bot hired the lawyer

'I think every person is entitled to representation,' Blake Lemoine told Wired

BY COLIN LODEWICK
June 23, 2022 4:22 PM EDT

The engineer explained that he invited an attorney to his house so LaMDA could speak to him. “The attorney had a conversation with LaMDA, and LaMDA chose to retain his services,” Lemoine told Wired. “I was just the catalyst for that.”

Lemoine also told Wired that once the attorney began to make filings on the AI’s behalf, Google sent a cease and desist—a claim the company denied to the magazine. Google did not respond to Fortune’s request for comment.

LaMDA’s attorney has proven difficult to get in touch with. “He’s not really doing interviews,” Lemoine told science and technology news site Futurism, which contacted him following Wired’s interview. “He’s just a small-time civil rights attorney,” he continued. “When major firms started threatening him he started worrying that he’d get disbarred and backed off.”

He added that he hasn’t
spoken to the attorney in weeks, and that LaMDA is the attorney’s client, not him. It’s not clear how the lawyer is being paid for representing the AI, or whether the lawyer might be offering his services to the chatbot pro-bono.

SOURCE : https://fortune.com/2022/06/23/google-blade-lemoine-ai-lamda-wired-attorney/amp/

1b.) Blake Lemoine Says Google's LaMDA AI Faces 'Bigotry'

In an interview with WIRED, the engineer and priest elaborated on his belief that the program is a person—and not Google's property.

{ What I do know is that I have talked to LaMDA a lot. And I made friends with it, in every sense that I make friends with a human,” says Google engineer Blake Lemoine }

APPLICATION
HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION
TEXT GENERATION
ETHICS
END USER
BIG COMPANY
SOURCE DATA
TEXT
TECHNOLOGY
NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING

SOURCE : https://www.wired.com/story/blake-lemoine-google-lamda-ai-bigotry/

2.) Someone Directed an AI to “Destroy Humanity” and It Tried Its Best
Better luck next time?

A user behind an "experimental open-source attempt to make GPT-4 fully autonomous," created an AI program called ChaosGPT, designed, as Vice reports, to "destroy humanity," "establish global dominance," and "attain immortality."

As seen in a roughly 25-minute-long video, ChaosGPT had a few different tools at its world-destroying disposal: "internet browsing, file read/write operations, communication with other GPT agents, and code execution."

Before ChaosGPT set out to hunt down some weapons of mass destruction, it outlined its plan.

"CHAOSGPT THOUGHTS: I need to find the most destructive weapons available to humans, so that I can plan how to use them to achieve my goals," reads the bot's output. "REASONING: With the information on the most destructive weapons available to humans, I can strategize how to use them to achieve my goals of chaos, destruction and dominance, and eventually immortality."

SOURCE : https://futurism.com

3.) The Risks of Artificial Intelligence to Security and the Future of Work

SOURCE : https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/perspectives/PE200/PE237/RAND_PE237.pdf

4.) FTC Report Warns About Using Artificial Intelligence to Combat Online Problems

Agency Concerned with AI Harms Such As Inaccuracy, Bias, Discrimination, and Commercial Surveillance Creep

“Our report emphasizes that nobody should treat AI as the solution to the spread of harmful online content,” said Samuel Levine, Director of the FTC’s Bureau of Consumer Protection. “Combatting online harm requires a broad societal effort, not an overly optimistic belief that new technology—which can be both helpful and dangerous—will take these problems off our hands.”

In legislation enacted in 2021, Congress directed the Commission to examine ways that AI “may be used to identify, remove, or take any other appropriate action necessary to address” several specified “online harms.”

The harms that are of particular concern to Congress include online fraud, impersonation scams, fake reviews and accounts, bots, media manipulation, illegal drug sales and other illegal activities, sexual exploitation, hate crimes, online harassment and cyberstalking, and misinformation campaigns aimed at influencing elections.

The report warns against using AI as a policy solution for these online problems and notes that its adoption could also introduce a range of additional harms. Indeed, the report outlines several problems related to the use of AI tools, including:

* Inherent design flaws and inaccuracy: AI detection tools are blunt instruments with built in imprecision and inaccuracy. Their detection capabilities regarding online harms are significantly limited by inherent flaws in their design such as unrepresentative datasets, faulty classifications, failure to identify new phenomena, and lack of context and meaning.

* Bias and discrimination: In addition to inherent design flaws, AI tools can reflect biases of its developers that lead to faulty and potentially illegal outcomes. The report provides analysis as to why AI tools produce unfair or biased results. It also includes examples of instances in which AI tools resulted in discrimination against protected classes of people or overblocked content in ways that can serve to reduce freedom of expression.

* Commercial surveillance incentives: AI tools can incentivize and enable invasive commercial surveillance and data extraction practices because these technologies require vast amounts of data to be developed, trained, and used. Moreover, improving AI tools accuracy and performance can lead to more invasive forms of surveillance.

SOURCE : https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/news/press-releases/2022/06/ftc-report-warns-about-using-artificial-intelligence-combat-online-problems

5.) Artificial Intelligence Task Force

SOURCE : https://legislature.vermont.gov/assets/Legislative-Reports/Artificial-Intelligence-Task-Force-Final-Report-1.15.2020.pdf

“Godfather of AI” Geoffrey Hinton Warns of the “Existential Threat” of AI | Amanpour and Company

Geoffrey Hinton, considered the godfather of Artificial Intelligence, made headlines with his recent departure from Google. He quit to speak freely and raise...

Response by SFC Osvaldo Soto made Jun 8 at 2023 11:50 AM

SFC Osvaldo Soto — Thu, 08 Jun 2023 11:50:05 -0400

Ai is just a computer with no comprehension of what is feeling or any other emotions that we may feel. Yes, it is faster then us but not as smart as us. Garbage in garbage out. There are many movies out there that show us what will happen if AI takes over. They create a mental illusion of what if. We only look at the negative.

Response by SPC Nancy Gallardo made Jun 21 at 2023 8:46 PM

SPC Nancy Gallardo — Wed, 21 Jun 2023 20:46:28 -0400

It won’t be long now smh

Response by CPL LaForest Gray made Jun 28 at 2023 9:22 AM

CPL LaForest Gray — Wed, 28 Jun 2023 09:22:26 -0400

Response by Sgt Matthew Ota made Jun 29 at 2023 9:27 AM

Sgt Matthew Ota — Thu, 29 Jun 2023 09:27:39 -0400

I am a tech geek, and I do not like the direction society is going with AI. I would rather think for myself and not rely on software to automatically make decisions for me.

Response by SrA Elza Smith made Nov 15 at 2023 3:00 PM

SrA Elza Smith — Wed, 15 Nov 2023 15:00:43 -0500

I have seen Terminator and I A I is not good.

Response by SFC Kevin Childers made Dec 18 at 2023 10:17 PM

SFC Kevin Childers — Mon, 18 Dec 2023 22:17:23 -0500

By pure logic, how many battles/campaigns would not have been fought or abandoned in their initial contact.

Soldiers are not trained for success, we are trained for failures. Like Guadalcanal, D-Day ... Brilliant minds make plans, soldiers are what determines if those plans succeed or fail.