Posted on Apr 14, 2016
What was the most significant event on April 14 during the U.S. Civil War?
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On this day in 1865 President Abraham Lincoln was assassinated during a performance at Ford’s Theater in Washington, D.C. The assassination of a sitting President was previously unknown in this relatively new country. Many were aware that assassination had been used through the centuries in Europe to remove kings, queens, emperors, dukes, duchesses, etc. The nation mourned foe the POTUS even those who disagreed vehemently were saddened.
1863: Continuous roll printing press is patented to inventor and visionary William Bullock in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In his machine there is “one delivery apparatus, which is simple in construction and works as rapidly as the machine can be driven and the sheets printed, so that by my invention the great obstacle to the rapid operation of the printing press is successfully overcome.”
Friday, April 14, 1865: United States President Abraham Lincoln is assassinated on Good Friday by John Wilkes Booth in Ford's Theatre, Washington, D. C. Conspirator Lewis T. Powell seriously wounds Secretary of State Seward. Just after 10 p.m., John Wilkes Booth entered Lincoln’s private theater box unnoticed and shot the president with a single bullet in the back of his head.
Pictures:
1. Currier and Ives depiction of Lincoln's assassination. L-to-r: Maj. Rathbone, Clara Harris, Mary Todd Lincoln, Pres. Lincoln, and Booth;
2. Continuous roll printing press patented by William Bullock;
3. Map of Red River Campaign in 1864
4. Wilderness, VA - Wounded from the Battle of the Wilderness
FYI SFC Joe S. Davis Jr., MSM, DSLCWO4 Terrence Clark SPC (Join to see)Maj Kim PattersonSMSgt Lawrence McCarter PO3 Edward Riddle COL (Join to see)SFC Ralph E Kelley LTC Trent Klug MAJ (Join to see) 1stSgt Eugene HarlessSSG (Join to see) LTC John Griscom SMSgt David A Asbury SSG Donald H "Don" Bates CPT (Join to see) 1SG Steven Imerman SPC James Neidig 1LT (Join to see) SPC Jon O.
1863: Continuous roll printing press is patented to inventor and visionary William Bullock in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In his machine there is “one delivery apparatus, which is simple in construction and works as rapidly as the machine can be driven and the sheets printed, so that by my invention the great obstacle to the rapid operation of the printing press is successfully overcome.”
Friday, April 14, 1865: United States President Abraham Lincoln is assassinated on Good Friday by John Wilkes Booth in Ford's Theatre, Washington, D. C. Conspirator Lewis T. Powell seriously wounds Secretary of State Seward. Just after 10 p.m., John Wilkes Booth entered Lincoln’s private theater box unnoticed and shot the president with a single bullet in the back of his head.
Pictures:
1. Currier and Ives depiction of Lincoln's assassination. L-to-r: Maj. Rathbone, Clara Harris, Mary Todd Lincoln, Pres. Lincoln, and Booth;
2. Continuous roll printing press patented by William Bullock;
3. Map of Red River Campaign in 1864
4. Wilderness, VA - Wounded from the Battle of the Wilderness
FYI SFC Joe S. Davis Jr., MSM, DSLCWO4 Terrence Clark SPC (Join to see)Maj Kim PattersonSMSgt Lawrence McCarter PO3 Edward Riddle COL (Join to see)SFC Ralph E Kelley LTC Trent Klug MAJ (Join to see) 1stSgt Eugene HarlessSSG (Join to see) LTC John Griscom SMSgt David A Asbury SSG Donald H "Don" Bates CPT (Join to see) 1SG Steven Imerman SPC James Neidig 1LT (Join to see) SPC Jon O.
Edited >1 y ago
Posted >1 y ago
Responses: 7
To me the most significant event of April 14 was the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln by Confederate sympathizers at Ford Theater.
Image:
Lincoln assassination - Ford's Theater draped with a mourning cloth and guards outside the entrance after the assassination of President Lincoln in Washington, D.C.
1865: The assassination of the President and near assassination of the Secretary of State and Vice President shook up the nation and caused major revisions in security arrangements for the POTUS and VPOTUS.
In 1840 there were 1,300 newspapers in America; by 1850 this number had doubled and most big cities had multiple daily papers. New York had fifteen dailies, Boston twelve, and Philadelphia and New Orleans each had ten.
1863: William Bullock’s invention of and successful patent for the continuous roll printing press was fulfilled after his death. The first operational press was for the Philadelphia Inquirer in 1865. The industrial development of printing transformed the landscape of information and news publishing and distribution.
Since RallyPoint truncates survey selection text I am posting events that were not included and then the full text of each survey choice below:
A. Sunday, April 14, 1861: During the formal surrender of Fort Sumter Private Daniel Hough dies when the cannon he was loading (for the Union's 100-gun salute to the U.S. flag) discharges prematurely. He is the first man to die in the Civil War. A second man is mortally wounded. http://blueandgraytrail.com/year/186104
B. 1863: Continuous roll printing press is patented to inventor and visionary William Bullock in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In the patent granted to Bullock on April 14, 1863, the inventor describes the significance of his achievement: “My improved machine for printing from moving type or stereotype-plates belongs to that class of power printing-presses in which the paper is furnished to the machine in a continuous web or roll, and by which the sheets are severed from the web, printed on both sides, and delivered from the machines thus ‘perfected.’ … In my machine, however, there is but one delivery apparatus, which is simple in construction and works as rapidly as the machine can be driven and the sheets printed, so that by my invention the great obstacle to the rapid operation of the printing press is successfully overcome.”
C. Friday, April 14, 1865: United States President Abraham Lincoln is assassinated on Good Friday by John Wilkes Booth in Ford's Theatre, Washington, D. C.
On the evening of April 14, conspirator Lewis T. Powell burst into Secretary of State Seward’s home, seriously wounding him and three others, while George A. Atzerodt, assigned to Vice President Johnson, lost his nerve and fled. Meanwhile, just after 10 p.m., Booth entered Lincoln’s private theater box unnoticed and shot the president with a single bullet in the back of his head. Slashing an army officer who rushed at him, Booth leapt to the stage and shouted “Sic semper tyrannis! [Thus always to tyrants]–the South is avenged!” Although Booth broke his leg jumping from Lincoln’s box, he managed to escape Washington on horseback.
The president, mortally wounded, was carried to a lodging house opposite Ford’s Theater. About 7:22 a.m. the next morning, Lincoln, age 56, died–the first U.S. president to be assassinated. Booth, pursued by the army and other secret forces, was finally cornered in a barn near Bowling Green, Virginia, and died from a possibly self-inflicted bullet wound as the barn was burned to the ground. Of the eight other people eventually charged with the conspiracy, four were hanged and four were jailed.
D. Throughout the Civil War, soldiers died were mortally wounded in battle, were cared for while their wounds, injuries and diseases were treated. Families grieved when they learned their son, husband, father had been killed or worse yet was unaccounted for and presumed dead. Between battles life went in the southern states, border states and northern states with those living in the North living better than the others because the war rarely directly went north.
1. Monday, April 14, 1862: Federal fleet under Commodore David Farragut appears at the mouth of the Mississippi River.
http://blueandgraytrail.com/year/186204
2. Tuesday, April 14, 1863 --- Stoneman’s troopers make the attempts to cross the Rappahannock River, but rains have swelled the rivers to make most of the fords unusable. By morning of the 15th, only one of the mounted divisions has crossed, and Hooker is telling Stoneman that he may need to leave his artillery behind.
http://civilwarsesquicentdaily-wolfshield.blogspot.com/search?q=April+14%2C+1863
3. Tuesday, April 14, 1863 --- Sergeant Alexander G. Downing, of the 11th Iowa Infantry with Grant’s army, records in his journal another frustration to the many schemes to bypass Vicksburg---and in doing so, he hits upon the scheme that finally will enable Grant to get into the dry land rear of that city in the weeks to come: It is reported that the expedition that was trying to find a way to get the army past Haines’s Bluff on the Yazoo river has been forced to give it up on account of the floods. The river is flooded for a hundred miles up from the mouth, and four miles on either side. It is thought that they will have to run the fleet past the batteries at Vicksburg and march the army down the Louisiana side and then across the river on high ground below Vicksburg.
http://civilwarsesquicentdaily-wolfshield.blogspot.com/search?q=April+14%2C+1863
4. Thursday, April 14, 1864 --- As Banks and his army fall back, Admiral David Dixon Porter, in command of the huge river flotilla on the Red River, also has to back and turn his behemoth expedition around, heading back to Grand Ecore. Needless to say, the Rebels are intent on cutting off the exposed Federal fleet. After being attack by Gen. Tom Green’s cavalry (and in which fight Green is killed), Porter proceeds with guns run out and loaded. The river is running low, and the transports and gunboats regularly bottom out on sandbars and shoals. Several brigades of infantry aid Porter in the withdrawal. In the meanwhile, Gen. Taylor’s Rebels retreat back to Mansfield, and are not pursuing the Yankees, even though Gen. Banks feels that they must be.
http://civilwarsesquicentdaily-wolfshield.blogspot.com/search?q=April+14%2C+1864
5. Thursday, April 14, 1864 --- Gen. Sherman sends a dispatch to Gen. Banks, with orders to the effect that Gen. Steele and his army in Arkansas is to press for Shreveport, Banks is to wheel about and move on Mobile, Alabama, and that A.J. Smith and his divisions are to be returned to Sherman immediately, Sherman issues these orders ignorant of the fact of Banks’ retreat, and of Steele’s aborted march from Little Rock.
http://civilwarsesquicentdaily-wolfshield.blogspot.com/search?q=April+14%2C+1864
6.
A. Sunday, April 14, 1861: During the formal surrender of Fort Sumter Private Daniel Hough dies when the cannon he was loading (for the Union's 100-gun salute to the U.S. flag) discharges prematurely. He is the first man to die in the Civil War. A second man is mortally wounded.
http://blueandgraytrail.com/year/186104
A+ April 14, 1861: At surrender ceremonies at Ft. Sumter, ammunition is inadvertently ignited, killed 2 U.S. soldiers and wounding 4 others.
http://civilwarsesquicentdaily-wolfshield.blogspot.com/search?q=April+14%2C+1861
B Tuesday, April 14, 1863: Continuous roll printing press is developed by William Bullock in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
From craft to industry (3): William Bullock
As mentioned previously, a significant driving force behind the industrial transformation of printing was the expansion of newspaper publishing. In 1840 there were 1,300 newspapers in America; by 1850 this number had doubled and most big cities had multiple daily papers. New York had fifteen dailies, Boston twelve, and Philadelphia and New Orleans each had ten.
By 1860, the telegraph and transatlantic cable increased the speed of news delivery and the largest circulation paper in the world—New York Herald—was distributing 77,000 copies daily. When the Civil War began on April 12, 1861, the New York Herald’s circulation shot up to 107,000 and did not fall below 100,000 until after the war. By this time, there were about 3,700 newspapers in the US and 387 of them were daily papers.
This was the beginning of the era of enormous publishing empires and major investments were being made in press technology development. The limitations of previous generation powered rotary presses had to be overcome in order to satisfy America’s population growth and the exploding demand for news in printed form.
In 1835, the English inventor and pioneer of the modern postal system, Sir Rowland Hill, suggested printing on both sides of a roll of paper. However, as has been the case with many previous printing press ideas, it is one thing to make a suggestion and quite another to execute it practically.
There were several important technical issues involved in the first successful rotary web printing press. The most important of these was the rapid cutting off and delivery of the paper either before or after it was printed.
The solution to the problem of web cutoff is widely recognized as being made by the inventor William Bullock in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania beginning around 1861. In the patent granted to Bullock on April 14, 1863, the inventor describes the significance of his achievement: “My improved machine for printing from moving type or stereotype-plates belongs to that class of power printing-presses in which the paper is furnished to the machine in a continuous web or roll, and by which the sheets are severed from the web, printed on both sides, and delivered from the machines thus ‘perfected.’ … In my machine, however, there is but one delivery apparatus, which is simple in construction and works as rapidly as the machine can be driven and the sheets printed, so that by my invention the great obstacle to the rapid operation of the printing press is successfully overcome.”
The prototype of Bullock’s breakthrough system was installed at the Cincinnati Times in 1863 and the Philadelphia Inquirer acquired the first fully functioning model in 1865. The essential components of Bullock’s rotary web cutoff technology remain in use to this day in web presses all over the world.
William Bullock’s biography is one of a harsh life and, ultimately, tragic death. Born in 1813 in Greenville, NY and orphaned shortly thereafter, Bullock was apprenticed at the age of eight to a foundry man and machinist by his brother. By the age of 21, William had his own shop and was working diligently as an inventor.
Bullock’s interest in printing presses began in the 1850s. He was editor of The American Eagle in Catskill, NY in 1853 and then moved to New York City to work as a mechanical engineer. He ended up building a high-speed press for the nationally circulated Leslie’s Weekly in 1860.
William Bullock moved to Pittsburgh in 1861 and it seems he had aspirations of becoming a patent attorney having considerable experience with patent filings. It was around this time that he changed his listing in a Pittsburgh business directory to “manufacturer of printing presses.”
The original Bullock press design cut the paper off before printing on it. Later models of his machine cut the web after it had been printed upon, just as it is done today in the majority of web fed presses. Later, a folder invented by Walter Scott and multiple webs were added to the system further improving press productivity.
William Bullock did not live to see these additions to his invention. On April 12, 1867, he died from injuries sustained when his leg became entangled in the drive mechanism of a press he was installing at the Philadelphia Public Ledger. Bullock is buried in Union Dale Cemetery on Pittsburgh’s North Side. He was belatedly recognized in 1964 as one of the city’s geniuses with a bronze memorial marker that reads: “His invention of the rotary web press (1863) made the modern newspaper possible.”
The industrial development of printing—much like our present digital, Internet and social media era—transformed the landscape of information and news publishing and distribution. Those who studied and understood the form and content of the successive waves of technology revolution were able to take advantage of the opportunities that presented themselves.
https://multimediaman.wordpress.com/2012/05/19/from-craft-to-industry-3-william-bullock-1813-1867/
C Friday, April 14, 1865: United States President Abraham Lincoln is assassinated on Good Friday by John Wilkes Booth in Ford's Theatre, Washington, D. C.
http://blueandgraytrail.com/year/186504
C+ On this day in 1865, John Wilkes Booth, an actor and Confederate sympathizer, fatally shoots President Abraham Lincoln at a play at Ford’s Theater in Washington, D.C. The attack came only five days after Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered his massive army at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, effectively ending the American Civil War.
Booth, a Maryland native born in 1838, who remained in the North during the war despite his Confederate sympathies, initially plotted to capture President Lincoln and take him to Richmond, the Confederate capital. However, on March 20, 1865, the day of the planned kidnapping, the president failed to appear at the spot where Booth and his six fellow conspirators lay in wait. Two weeks later, Richmond fell to Union forces.
In April, with Confederate armies near collapse across the South, Booth hatched a desperate plan to save the Confederacy. Learning that Lincoln was to attend a performance of “Our American Cousin” at Ford’s Theater on April 14, Booth masterminded the simultaneous assassination of Lincoln, Vice President Andrew Johnson and Secretary of State William H. Seward. By murdering the president and two of his possible successors, Booth and his conspirators hoped to throw the U.S. government into disarray.
On the evening of April 14, conspirator Lewis T. Powell burst into Secretary of State Seward’s home, seriously wounding him and three others, while George A. Atzerodt, assigned to Vice President Johnson, lost his nerve and fled. Meanwhile, just after 10 p.m., Booth entered Lincoln’s private theater box unnoticed and shot the president with a single bullet in the back of his head. Slashing an army officer who rushed at him, Booth leapt to the stage and shouted “Sic semper tyrannis! [Thus always to tyrants]–the South is avenged!” Although Booth broke his leg jumping from Lincoln’s box, he managed to escape Washington on horseback.
The president, mortally wounded, was carried to a lodging house opposite Ford’s Theater. About 7:22 a.m. the next morning, Lincoln, age 56, died–the first U.S. president to be assassinated. Booth, pursued by the army and other secret forces, was finally cornered in a barn near Bowling Green, Virginia, and died from a possibly self-inflicted bullet wound as the barn was burned to the ground. Of the eight other people eventually charged with the conspiracy, four were hanged and four were jailed. Lincoln, the 16th U.S. president, was buried on May 4, 1865.
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/lincoln-is-shot
FYI LTC (Join to see) SFC William Farrell SPC Michael Terrell SPC Michael Duricko, Ph.D SFC William Farrell 1stSgt Eugene Harless SSgt (Join to see)MAJ Dale E. Wilson, Ph.D. SPC John Williams GySgt Jack WallaceLt Col John (Jack) Christensen CSM Charles HaydenMaj Bill Smith, Ph.D. CWO3 Dennis M. PO2 Marco Monsalve SPC Woody Bullard 1SG Dan Capri SSG Michael Noll SSG Bill McCoy Lt Col Charlie Brown
Brad Meltzer's Decoded: The Lincoln Assassination (S1, E4) | Full Episode | History
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=73NLJ-ClBjw
Image:
Lincoln assassination - Ford's Theater draped with a mourning cloth and guards outside the entrance after the assassination of President Lincoln in Washington, D.C.
1865: The assassination of the President and near assassination of the Secretary of State and Vice President shook up the nation and caused major revisions in security arrangements for the POTUS and VPOTUS.
In 1840 there were 1,300 newspapers in America; by 1850 this number had doubled and most big cities had multiple daily papers. New York had fifteen dailies, Boston twelve, and Philadelphia and New Orleans each had ten.
1863: William Bullock’s invention of and successful patent for the continuous roll printing press was fulfilled after his death. The first operational press was for the Philadelphia Inquirer in 1865. The industrial development of printing transformed the landscape of information and news publishing and distribution.
Since RallyPoint truncates survey selection text I am posting events that were not included and then the full text of each survey choice below:
A. Sunday, April 14, 1861: During the formal surrender of Fort Sumter Private Daniel Hough dies when the cannon he was loading (for the Union's 100-gun salute to the U.S. flag) discharges prematurely. He is the first man to die in the Civil War. A second man is mortally wounded. http://blueandgraytrail.com/year/186104
B. 1863: Continuous roll printing press is patented to inventor and visionary William Bullock in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In the patent granted to Bullock on April 14, 1863, the inventor describes the significance of his achievement: “My improved machine for printing from moving type or stereotype-plates belongs to that class of power printing-presses in which the paper is furnished to the machine in a continuous web or roll, and by which the sheets are severed from the web, printed on both sides, and delivered from the machines thus ‘perfected.’ … In my machine, however, there is but one delivery apparatus, which is simple in construction and works as rapidly as the machine can be driven and the sheets printed, so that by my invention the great obstacle to the rapid operation of the printing press is successfully overcome.”
C. Friday, April 14, 1865: United States President Abraham Lincoln is assassinated on Good Friday by John Wilkes Booth in Ford's Theatre, Washington, D. C.
On the evening of April 14, conspirator Lewis T. Powell burst into Secretary of State Seward’s home, seriously wounding him and three others, while George A. Atzerodt, assigned to Vice President Johnson, lost his nerve and fled. Meanwhile, just after 10 p.m., Booth entered Lincoln’s private theater box unnoticed and shot the president with a single bullet in the back of his head. Slashing an army officer who rushed at him, Booth leapt to the stage and shouted “Sic semper tyrannis! [Thus always to tyrants]–the South is avenged!” Although Booth broke his leg jumping from Lincoln’s box, he managed to escape Washington on horseback.
The president, mortally wounded, was carried to a lodging house opposite Ford’s Theater. About 7:22 a.m. the next morning, Lincoln, age 56, died–the first U.S. president to be assassinated. Booth, pursued by the army and other secret forces, was finally cornered in a barn near Bowling Green, Virginia, and died from a possibly self-inflicted bullet wound as the barn was burned to the ground. Of the eight other people eventually charged with the conspiracy, four were hanged and four were jailed.
D. Throughout the Civil War, soldiers died were mortally wounded in battle, were cared for while their wounds, injuries and diseases were treated. Families grieved when they learned their son, husband, father had been killed or worse yet was unaccounted for and presumed dead. Between battles life went in the southern states, border states and northern states with those living in the North living better than the others because the war rarely directly went north.
1. Monday, April 14, 1862: Federal fleet under Commodore David Farragut appears at the mouth of the Mississippi River.
http://blueandgraytrail.com/year/186204
2. Tuesday, April 14, 1863 --- Stoneman’s troopers make the attempts to cross the Rappahannock River, but rains have swelled the rivers to make most of the fords unusable. By morning of the 15th, only one of the mounted divisions has crossed, and Hooker is telling Stoneman that he may need to leave his artillery behind.
http://civilwarsesquicentdaily-wolfshield.blogspot.com/search?q=April+14%2C+1863
3. Tuesday, April 14, 1863 --- Sergeant Alexander G. Downing, of the 11th Iowa Infantry with Grant’s army, records in his journal another frustration to the many schemes to bypass Vicksburg---and in doing so, he hits upon the scheme that finally will enable Grant to get into the dry land rear of that city in the weeks to come: It is reported that the expedition that was trying to find a way to get the army past Haines’s Bluff on the Yazoo river has been forced to give it up on account of the floods. The river is flooded for a hundred miles up from the mouth, and four miles on either side. It is thought that they will have to run the fleet past the batteries at Vicksburg and march the army down the Louisiana side and then across the river on high ground below Vicksburg.
http://civilwarsesquicentdaily-wolfshield.blogspot.com/search?q=April+14%2C+1863
4. Thursday, April 14, 1864 --- As Banks and his army fall back, Admiral David Dixon Porter, in command of the huge river flotilla on the Red River, also has to back and turn his behemoth expedition around, heading back to Grand Ecore. Needless to say, the Rebels are intent on cutting off the exposed Federal fleet. After being attack by Gen. Tom Green’s cavalry (and in which fight Green is killed), Porter proceeds with guns run out and loaded. The river is running low, and the transports and gunboats regularly bottom out on sandbars and shoals. Several brigades of infantry aid Porter in the withdrawal. In the meanwhile, Gen. Taylor’s Rebels retreat back to Mansfield, and are not pursuing the Yankees, even though Gen. Banks feels that they must be.
http://civilwarsesquicentdaily-wolfshield.blogspot.com/search?q=April+14%2C+1864
5. Thursday, April 14, 1864 --- Gen. Sherman sends a dispatch to Gen. Banks, with orders to the effect that Gen. Steele and his army in Arkansas is to press for Shreveport, Banks is to wheel about and move on Mobile, Alabama, and that A.J. Smith and his divisions are to be returned to Sherman immediately, Sherman issues these orders ignorant of the fact of Banks’ retreat, and of Steele’s aborted march from Little Rock.
http://civilwarsesquicentdaily-wolfshield.blogspot.com/search?q=April+14%2C+1864
6.
A. Sunday, April 14, 1861: During the formal surrender of Fort Sumter Private Daniel Hough dies when the cannon he was loading (for the Union's 100-gun salute to the U.S. flag) discharges prematurely. He is the first man to die in the Civil War. A second man is mortally wounded.
http://blueandgraytrail.com/year/186104
A+ April 14, 1861: At surrender ceremonies at Ft. Sumter, ammunition is inadvertently ignited, killed 2 U.S. soldiers and wounding 4 others.
http://civilwarsesquicentdaily-wolfshield.blogspot.com/search?q=April+14%2C+1861
B Tuesday, April 14, 1863: Continuous roll printing press is developed by William Bullock in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
From craft to industry (3): William Bullock
As mentioned previously, a significant driving force behind the industrial transformation of printing was the expansion of newspaper publishing. In 1840 there were 1,300 newspapers in America; by 1850 this number had doubled and most big cities had multiple daily papers. New York had fifteen dailies, Boston twelve, and Philadelphia and New Orleans each had ten.
By 1860, the telegraph and transatlantic cable increased the speed of news delivery and the largest circulation paper in the world—New York Herald—was distributing 77,000 copies daily. When the Civil War began on April 12, 1861, the New York Herald’s circulation shot up to 107,000 and did not fall below 100,000 until after the war. By this time, there were about 3,700 newspapers in the US and 387 of them were daily papers.
This was the beginning of the era of enormous publishing empires and major investments were being made in press technology development. The limitations of previous generation powered rotary presses had to be overcome in order to satisfy America’s population growth and the exploding demand for news in printed form.
In 1835, the English inventor and pioneer of the modern postal system, Sir Rowland Hill, suggested printing on both sides of a roll of paper. However, as has been the case with many previous printing press ideas, it is one thing to make a suggestion and quite another to execute it practically.
There were several important technical issues involved in the first successful rotary web printing press. The most important of these was the rapid cutting off and delivery of the paper either before or after it was printed.
The solution to the problem of web cutoff is widely recognized as being made by the inventor William Bullock in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania beginning around 1861. In the patent granted to Bullock on April 14, 1863, the inventor describes the significance of his achievement: “My improved machine for printing from moving type or stereotype-plates belongs to that class of power printing-presses in which the paper is furnished to the machine in a continuous web or roll, and by which the sheets are severed from the web, printed on both sides, and delivered from the machines thus ‘perfected.’ … In my machine, however, there is but one delivery apparatus, which is simple in construction and works as rapidly as the machine can be driven and the sheets printed, so that by my invention the great obstacle to the rapid operation of the printing press is successfully overcome.”
The prototype of Bullock’s breakthrough system was installed at the Cincinnati Times in 1863 and the Philadelphia Inquirer acquired the first fully functioning model in 1865. The essential components of Bullock’s rotary web cutoff technology remain in use to this day in web presses all over the world.
William Bullock’s biography is one of a harsh life and, ultimately, tragic death. Born in 1813 in Greenville, NY and orphaned shortly thereafter, Bullock was apprenticed at the age of eight to a foundry man and machinist by his brother. By the age of 21, William had his own shop and was working diligently as an inventor.
Bullock’s interest in printing presses began in the 1850s. He was editor of The American Eagle in Catskill, NY in 1853 and then moved to New York City to work as a mechanical engineer. He ended up building a high-speed press for the nationally circulated Leslie’s Weekly in 1860.
William Bullock moved to Pittsburgh in 1861 and it seems he had aspirations of becoming a patent attorney having considerable experience with patent filings. It was around this time that he changed his listing in a Pittsburgh business directory to “manufacturer of printing presses.”
The original Bullock press design cut the paper off before printing on it. Later models of his machine cut the web after it had been printed upon, just as it is done today in the majority of web fed presses. Later, a folder invented by Walter Scott and multiple webs were added to the system further improving press productivity.
William Bullock did not live to see these additions to his invention. On April 12, 1867, he died from injuries sustained when his leg became entangled in the drive mechanism of a press he was installing at the Philadelphia Public Ledger. Bullock is buried in Union Dale Cemetery on Pittsburgh’s North Side. He was belatedly recognized in 1964 as one of the city’s geniuses with a bronze memorial marker that reads: “His invention of the rotary web press (1863) made the modern newspaper possible.”
The industrial development of printing—much like our present digital, Internet and social media era—transformed the landscape of information and news publishing and distribution. Those who studied and understood the form and content of the successive waves of technology revolution were able to take advantage of the opportunities that presented themselves.
https://multimediaman.wordpress.com/2012/05/19/from-craft-to-industry-3-william-bullock-1813-1867/
C Friday, April 14, 1865: United States President Abraham Lincoln is assassinated on Good Friday by John Wilkes Booth in Ford's Theatre, Washington, D. C.
http://blueandgraytrail.com/year/186504
C+ On this day in 1865, John Wilkes Booth, an actor and Confederate sympathizer, fatally shoots President Abraham Lincoln at a play at Ford’s Theater in Washington, D.C. The attack came only five days after Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered his massive army at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, effectively ending the American Civil War.
Booth, a Maryland native born in 1838, who remained in the North during the war despite his Confederate sympathies, initially plotted to capture President Lincoln and take him to Richmond, the Confederate capital. However, on March 20, 1865, the day of the planned kidnapping, the president failed to appear at the spot where Booth and his six fellow conspirators lay in wait. Two weeks later, Richmond fell to Union forces.
In April, with Confederate armies near collapse across the South, Booth hatched a desperate plan to save the Confederacy. Learning that Lincoln was to attend a performance of “Our American Cousin” at Ford’s Theater on April 14, Booth masterminded the simultaneous assassination of Lincoln, Vice President Andrew Johnson and Secretary of State William H. Seward. By murdering the president and two of his possible successors, Booth and his conspirators hoped to throw the U.S. government into disarray.
On the evening of April 14, conspirator Lewis T. Powell burst into Secretary of State Seward’s home, seriously wounding him and three others, while George A. Atzerodt, assigned to Vice President Johnson, lost his nerve and fled. Meanwhile, just after 10 p.m., Booth entered Lincoln’s private theater box unnoticed and shot the president with a single bullet in the back of his head. Slashing an army officer who rushed at him, Booth leapt to the stage and shouted “Sic semper tyrannis! [Thus always to tyrants]–the South is avenged!” Although Booth broke his leg jumping from Lincoln’s box, he managed to escape Washington on horseback.
The president, mortally wounded, was carried to a lodging house opposite Ford’s Theater. About 7:22 a.m. the next morning, Lincoln, age 56, died–the first U.S. president to be assassinated. Booth, pursued by the army and other secret forces, was finally cornered in a barn near Bowling Green, Virginia, and died from a possibly self-inflicted bullet wound as the barn was burned to the ground. Of the eight other people eventually charged with the conspiracy, four were hanged and four were jailed. Lincoln, the 16th U.S. president, was buried on May 4, 1865.
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/lincoln-is-shot
FYI LTC (Join to see) SFC William Farrell SPC Michael Terrell SPC Michael Duricko, Ph.D SFC William Farrell 1stSgt Eugene Harless SSgt (Join to see)MAJ Dale E. Wilson, Ph.D. SPC John Williams GySgt Jack WallaceLt Col John (Jack) Christensen CSM Charles HaydenMaj Bill Smith, Ph.D. CWO3 Dennis M. PO2 Marco Monsalve SPC Woody Bullard 1SG Dan Capri SSG Michael Noll SSG Bill McCoy Lt Col Charlie Brown
Brad Meltzer's Decoded: The Lincoln Assassination (S1, E4) | Full Episode | History
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=73NLJ-ClBjw
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Without a shadow of a doubt the loss of Lincoln was a major setback in the recovery and reuniting of the nation and how the Southern States would be reintegrated back into the Union.
"He now belongs to the Ages" or the Angels, which ever you choose to believe. Edward Stanton, Secretary of War on Lincoln's Death.
The first successful of many assassination attempts against U S Presidents, with Lincoln, Garfield, McKinley and Kennedy being the victims. It's really hard to think that in this country we have lost four Presidents to assassination.
I recommend the reading of April 1865: The Month That Saved America, by Jay Wink.
"He now belongs to the Ages" or the Angels, which ever you choose to believe. Edward Stanton, Secretary of War on Lincoln's Death.
The first successful of many assassination attempts against U S Presidents, with Lincoln, Garfield, McKinley and Kennedy being the victims. It's really hard to think that in this country we have lost four Presidents to assassination.
I recommend the reading of April 1865: The Month That Saved America, by Jay Wink.
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LTC Stephen F.
Belated thank you CSM William Payne for responding and concurring that the assassination of President Lincoln was the most significant event of the date. I concur that it is sad that four presidents have been assassinated while there were many other attempts.
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LTC Stephen F. Thanks for continuing to post these great pieces. What I found interesting about the surrender of Sumter was that the CSA forces didn't massacre, or even imprison the union forces. They allowed them to be evacuated.
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LTC Stephen F.
Yesterday I mentioned that chivalry existed in 1861 at Fort Sumter and that the gentlemen and ladies of Washington went in their carriages and finery to watch Bull Run battle number 1 PO3 Steven Sherrill.
Chivalry was sporadically employed over the Civil War years and returned in April 1865.
Chivalry was sporadically employed over the Civil War years and returned in April 1865.
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