Sutori

On May 25, 1842, Christian Doppler presented his idea, now known as the Doppler Effect, to the Royal Bohemian Society, Prague.

Dopplers Famous Publication
The Doppler principle which relates the frequency of a source to its velocity relative to an observer and he derived the principle in a few lines treating both light and sound as longitudinal waves in the ether and matter, respectively. Doppler was incorrect regarding light being a longitudinal wave. In fact Fresnel had already published his theory that light was a transverse wave but, although Doppler had read Fresnel's work, he did not accept it. However the error does not really affect the result of Doppler's principle. Doppler also was wrong when he tried to illustrate his theory with an application to the colours of double stars. Although Doppler was correct in saying that his principle would change the colours of double stars, depending on which star was approaching or receding from the Earth, the effect is too small to be significant.

Doppler does, however, make a remarkable prediction in his paper:-
It is almost to be accepted with certainty that this will in the not too distant future offer astronomers a welcome means to determine the movements and distances of such stars which, because of their unmeasurable distances from us and the consequent smallness of the parallactic angles, until this moment hardly presented the hope of such measurements and determinations.
Although changes in colours were impossible to observe with the instruments of the time, the situation with sound was rather different. As early as 1845 experiments were conducted with musicians on railway trains playing instruments and other trained musicians writing down the apparent note as the train approached them and receded from them. In 1846 Doppler published a better version of his principle where he considered both the motion of the source and the motion of the observer.
Not everyone of course was immedately convinced by Doppler's theory. His most vigorous opponent was Petzval, by this time professor of mathematics at the University of Vienna. Their dispute was based on a misunderstanding, in some sense both were correct but they could not see that they were arguing about different things."