What does the word courage mean to you?

Sacrificing your well being to help others in need.

Being scared half to death, but doing what has to be done any way.

Courage is facing something you fear, whether it is a physical, mental or moral challenge. To be true courage it has to be a choice. It can even be choosing not to do something that you want to do, just because you know it would be wrong or would hurt someone you don't want to hurt.
IMO courage can be learned, but not really taught. You can make the choice to always face your fears, to charge at them head-first. After a while, it becomes almost instinctive.
As the Duke put it:

Courage is the action one knowingly takes to help or defend a person, ideology in spite of social disapproval, and the possibility of personal harm.

Courage to me means taking a risk based on everything that is taking place within sight or hearing and after quick evaluation, moving ahead with confidence as long as you are hurting no other innocent entity that might be involved.

After defeat and defeat, the will to carry on.

The word courage to me means facing adversity head-on no matter what the situation is because I am not afraid of what the outcome would be, even if the moment of courage ends in death. Because it means I was willing to sacrifice my life in order that the lives of a family member or even a stranger was preserved.

Courage can come in any situation and at any age. To me, it means consciously determining to migrate into a direction and/or situation, alone or with others, and when the odds of the situation seems greater than ones skills or supplies allow because the future of the outcome yields a hopeful result.

Never quitting, even when it’s all you want to do.

Courage to me is to do your job despite the circumstances IE: Being deployed for Desert Storm/Shield and not playing the section 8 card for not being deployed to the war zone. You go , you do your job , you come back home no matter what the cost is . You signed a contract to do your job 24/7 yes you can bitch , whine and cry about the job but you do it anyways because it's YOUR JOB !