Why can a person join the military at age 17 but not deploy until they are 18?
Also consider with the 2nd amendment; Like Yamashita said in WWII to para phrase "an attack on the American mainland would be futile as there would be a gun behind every blade of grass"
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvin_Graham
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Bullock
We weren’t as strict on paperwork back then. Particularly in the case of PFC Bullock, who was killed after the creation of the UN.
Calvin Leon Graham (April 3, 1930 – November 6, 1992) was the youngest U.S. serviceman to serve and fight during World War II.[2] Following the attack on Pearl Harbor, he enlisted in the United States Navy from Houston, Texas on August 15, 1942, at the age of 12.[3] His case was similar to that of Jack W. Hill, who was granted significant media attention due to holding service number one million during World War II, but later was discovered to...
Also the UN charter or convention on children didn't exist for the folks in WWII, only the individual national laws set the age for conscription or voluntary service.
Convention on the rights of the child on the involvement of children in armed conflict - child soldier protocol. The protocol states parties shall take all feasible measures to ensure that members of their armed forces who have not attained the age of 18 years do not take a direct part in hostilities.
However I think there is a part in the convention that talks about self defense.
The legal seems to be based on a moral standard that kids shouldn't be involved in the use of force.
https://www.marines.mil/News/Messages/Messages-Display/Article/894107/17-year-old-marines-in-combat/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optional_Protocol_on_the_Involvement_of_Children_in_Armed_Conflict
17 YEAR OLD MARINES IN COMBAT The Official United States Marine Corps Public Website Messages...
R 231139Z JAN 03 FM CMC WASHINGTON DC(n) TO ML MARADMIN(n) MARADMIN BT UNCLAS MARADMIN 030/03 MSGID/GENADMIN/CMC WASHINGTON DC/MPO-40// SUBJ/17 YEAR OLD MARINES IN COMBAT// REF/A/DOC/-/-// REF/B/DOC/ODASD/21AUG2002// NARR/REF A IS THE OPTIONAL,
ARE PRACTICABLE OR PRACTICALLY POSSIBLE, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT ALL
THE FACTS AND CIRCUMSTANCES KNOWN AND AVAILABLE TO THE
AFFECTED COMMANDER AT THE TIME, INCLUDING RELEVANT HUMANITARIAN
AND MILITARY CONSIDERATIONS.
Interesting. So more of a policy than strict law. Though I'd hate to be that CO who did not figure out a "feasible measure" to avoid it from happening.
"The 1977 Additional Protocols to the Geneva Conventions were the first international treaties to try and tackle these situations. They prohibit the recruitment and participation in hostilities of children under the age of 15. In international armed conflicts, the first Additional Protocol also requires military recruitment of 15 to 18 year olds to prioritize the oldest."
I actually remember talking about this in a Command and Staff Meeting when the US started observing this relative to 17 year old soldiers. We assumed away most of the problem, as most soldiers would be 18 by the time they got to us and be deployable. There were a handful of MOS's that were short, I remember Combat Engineer and Cooks were a possible source of 17year olds from a different command and staff (issue was high school girls in the barracks).
My recollection was we were taking another nation to task on child soldiers and we had to tighten up what we were doing. For the life of me can't remember when.