Posted on Feb 25, 2022
14 Travel Destinations Where You Can Learn More About Black History
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"In honor of Black History Month, we’ve rounded up 14 U.S. cities that were home to iconic figures and pivotal moments in Black history and culture. From Montgomery to Memphis to the Motor City, there are plenty of significant sites to explore."
14 Travel Destinations Where You Can Learn More About Black History
Posted from huffpost.com
Leisure and Travel
Travel
Black History
Posted 2 y ago
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CRT = Critical Race Facts *{Aint no damn theory, GTFOH} :
These are #AMERIKKKA / #USA Deadliest Massacres/Mass Shooting/Acts of Terrorism/Riots by White Racist Domestic Terrorist in America Documented History :
Remember these FACTS :
East St. Louis Massacre - 1917
200 - 700 Deaths : Source - https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/east-st-louis-race-riot-left-dozens-dead-devastating-community-on-the-rise-180963885/
Arkansas Massacre - 1919
854 - Deaths : SOURCE - https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/death-hundreds-elaine-massacre-led-supreme-court-take-major-step-toward-equal-justice-african-americans-180969863/
Ocoee Massacre - 1920 : SOURCE - https://www.ucf.edu/pegasus/the-truth-laid-bare/
https://www.thehistorycenter.org/exhibition/the-ocoee-massacre/
Most estimates total 30–35 Blacks killed, although as many as 50 African Americans may have been killed during the massacre. Most African-American-owned buildings and residences in northern Ocoee were burned to the ground.
Deaths: 30–35 Blacks, 2 Whites
Location: Ocoee, Florida
Date: November 2–3, 1920
Tulsa Massacre - 1921
300 - 3000 Deaths : SOURCE - https://www.history.com/.amp/this-day-in-history/tulsa-race-massacre-begins
https://www.sciencenews.org/article/tulsa-1921-race-massacre-mass-grave-greenwood-archaeology-dna/amp
Rosewood Massacre - 1923
150 - Deaths : SOURCE - https://www.history.com/.amp/topics/early-20th-century-us/rosewood-massacre
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Rosewood-riot-of-1923
*If you didn’t know these Massacres were against “Black/African-Americans
The historical/history of FACTS they call “theories/theory” that they desire not taught on known about.*
*** Disclaimer : This a repost from myself, because people are tooooo comfortable with the status quo. ***
These are #AMERIKKKA / #USA Deadliest Massacres/Mass Shooting/Acts of Terrorism/Riots by White Racist Domestic Terrorist in America Documented History :
Remember these FACTS :
East St. Louis Massacre - 1917
200 - 700 Deaths : Source - https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/east-st-louis-race-riot-left-dozens-dead-devastating-community-on-the-rise-180963885/
Arkansas Massacre - 1919
854 - Deaths : SOURCE - https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/death-hundreds-elaine-massacre-led-supreme-court-take-major-step-toward-equal-justice-african-americans-180969863/
Ocoee Massacre - 1920 : SOURCE - https://www.ucf.edu/pegasus/the-truth-laid-bare/
https://www.thehistorycenter.org/exhibition/the-ocoee-massacre/
Most estimates total 30–35 Blacks killed, although as many as 50 African Americans may have been killed during the massacre. Most African-American-owned buildings and residences in northern Ocoee were burned to the ground.
Deaths: 30–35 Blacks, 2 Whites
Location: Ocoee, Florida
Date: November 2–3, 1920
Tulsa Massacre - 1921
300 - 3000 Deaths : SOURCE - https://www.history.com/.amp/this-day-in-history/tulsa-race-massacre-begins
https://www.sciencenews.org/article/tulsa-1921-race-massacre-mass-grave-greenwood-archaeology-dna/amp
Rosewood Massacre - 1923
150 - Deaths : SOURCE - https://www.history.com/.amp/topics/early-20th-century-us/rosewood-massacre
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Rosewood-riot-of-1923
*If you didn’t know these Massacres were against “Black/African-Americans
The historical/history of FACTS they call “theories/theory” that they desire not taught on known about.*
*** Disclaimer : This a repost from myself, because people are tooooo comfortable with the status quo. ***
The East St. Louis Race Riot Left Dozens Dead, Devastating a Community on the Rise
Three days of violence forced African-American families to run for their lives and the aftereffects are still felt in the Illinois city today
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CPL LaForest Gray
LTC Eugene Chu
Another city to visit and to know about.
UPDATED:AUG 20, 2019ORIGINAL:MAY 23, 2018
1.) In 1912, This Georgia County Drove Out Every Black Resident
Between the 1860s and the 1920s, white Americans pushed out thousands of black residents from their communities.
BECKY LITTLE
SOURCE :
https://www.history.com/news/georgia-racial-expulsion-stacey-abrams
2.) The Year Black People Were Hounded Out of Forsyth County, Georgia
SOURCE :
https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/163743
This is what the system looks like and what “Critical Race Facts” exposes about that uncomfortable elephant in the room “White Racism”.
Source :
https://youtu.be/l3D4hSQcWbk
*** this a repost from myself, because people are tooooo comfortable with the status quo ***
“I will not apologize for telling the FACTS, in a world that worship the lies”.
Another city to visit and to know about.
UPDATED:AUG 20, 2019ORIGINAL:MAY 23, 2018
1.) In 1912, This Georgia County Drove Out Every Black Resident
Between the 1860s and the 1920s, white Americans pushed out thousands of black residents from their communities.
BECKY LITTLE
SOURCE :
https://www.history.com/news/georgia-racial-expulsion-stacey-abrams
2.) The Year Black People Were Hounded Out of Forsyth County, Georgia
SOURCE :
https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/163743
This is what the system looks like and what “Critical Race Facts” exposes about that uncomfortable elephant in the room “White Racism”.
Source :
https://youtu.be/l3D4hSQcWbk
*** this a repost from myself, because people are tooooo comfortable with the status quo ***
“I will not apologize for telling the FACTS, in a world that worship the lies”.
In 1912, This Georgia County Drove Out Every Black Resident
Between the 1860s and the 1920s, white Americans pushed out thousands of black residents from their communities.
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CPL LaForest Gray
Teaching children that because of the insecurities MSgt Dale Johnson of under develop human beings, because of hate … that there’s an uneven playing field, that passes “laws” to continue to enforce systematic white racism in the USA.
It’s not “Victimhood” nor “Playing the Victim” … it’s about accountability and learning from those ongoing situations, NO MATTER THE DISCOMFORT.
Pipeline to Prison
The pipeline to prison refers to school discipline policies (e.g., zero tolerance) and practices that remove students from learning opportunities (e.g., out of school suspension) and push students out of school (e.g., expulsion, school-based arrest) and into the juvenile and criminal justice systems increasingly for minor offenses and non-violent behavior such as smoking cigarettes, coming to school out of uniform or using a cell phone. Research and data have indicated that racial/ethnic minorities and students with disabilities are disproportionately affected by such policies and practices. Related Terms: school to prison pipeline, cradle to prison pipeline, schoolhouse to jailhouse track
———————————
Breaking Schools’ Rules: A Statewide Study on How School Discipline Relates to Students’ Success and Juvenile Justice Involvement
(2011) The Council of State Governments Justice Center and the Public Policy Research Institute at Texas A&M University
SOURCE :
https://supportiveschooldiscipline.org/school-to-prison-pipeline
SCHOOL-TO-PRISON PIPELINE [INFOGRAPHIC]
SOURCE :
https://www.aclu.org/issues/juvenile-justice/school-prison-pipeline/school-prison-pipeline-infographic
Schools Push At-risk Students Out
Florida schools still rely on exclusionary discipline.
* Nearly 345,000 suspensions each year in Florida, including more than 100 at the preschool level.
* 570 expulsions
* 7,000 alternative placements
* Florida's black students are 2.5 times as likely to be removed from classrooms as their white peers.
* Florida’s LGBTQ youth are more than twice as likely to report feeling unsafe at school, being bullied at school and fighting at school than their heterosexual peers. Three of five LGBTQ youth report being disciplined through suspensions or expulsions.
* Florida’s students with disabilities, evidenced by Individualized Education Plans are 2.7 times as likely to be suspended and 17.4 times as likely to be expelled.
Exclusionary discipline marks students as “bad kids"
* School disciplinary history is used in criminal justice and education decision-making, allowing for secondary sanctioning.
* Students are marginalized, and criminalization deepens with each successive sanction.
Law Enforcement Gets involved
* Florida schools referred 13,749 students to law enforcement.
* Florida schools refer students to law enforcement 30% more often than the national average.
* Florida schools are more than twice as likely to refer black students to law enforcement and 3.25 times as likely to be refer students with Individualized Education Plans.
* Law enforcement is nearly 3 times as likely to arrest black students at school and 7.8 times as likely to arrest students with learning disabilities at school.
The Criminal Justice System Pulls Students In
Students pushed out of schools are more likely to drop out.
* Some alternative schools are used to warehouse at-risk students until they drop out or are arrested.
* Not graduating high school is associated with a great risk of future incarceration.
The developmental needs of students in detention or jail are neglected.
* Detention centers and jails are to protect the public. They are ill-prepared to nurture growing minds, teach conflict resolution or other executive functioning skills or to educate their detainees.
* Florida students held in smaller jails have no access to education other than GED programming. Larger jails also fail to provide the legally required education, with some offering only 2 or 3 hours of instruction per week.
Students pushed out of schools are more likely to be arrested.
* Exclusionary discipline puts more strain on at-risk students and their families, further disconnects them from the school environment, and stigmatizes at-risk youth.
* Students not in school because of discipline are more than twice as likely to be arrested.
SOURCE :
https://www.aclufl.org/en/floridas-school-prison-pipeline
*** Disclaimer : This a repost from myself, because people are tooooo comfortable with the status quo. ***
“I will not apologize for telling the FACTS, in a world that worship the lies”.
It’s not “Victimhood” nor “Playing the Victim” … it’s about accountability and learning from those ongoing situations, NO MATTER THE DISCOMFORT.
Pipeline to Prison
The pipeline to prison refers to school discipline policies (e.g., zero tolerance) and practices that remove students from learning opportunities (e.g., out of school suspension) and push students out of school (e.g., expulsion, school-based arrest) and into the juvenile and criminal justice systems increasingly for minor offenses and non-violent behavior such as smoking cigarettes, coming to school out of uniform or using a cell phone. Research and data have indicated that racial/ethnic minorities and students with disabilities are disproportionately affected by such policies and practices. Related Terms: school to prison pipeline, cradle to prison pipeline, schoolhouse to jailhouse track
———————————
Breaking Schools’ Rules: A Statewide Study on How School Discipline Relates to Students’ Success and Juvenile Justice Involvement
(2011) The Council of State Governments Justice Center and the Public Policy Research Institute at Texas A&M University
SOURCE :
https://supportiveschooldiscipline.org/school-to-prison-pipeline
SCHOOL-TO-PRISON PIPELINE [INFOGRAPHIC]
SOURCE :
https://www.aclu.org/issues/juvenile-justice/school-prison-pipeline/school-prison-pipeline-infographic
Schools Push At-risk Students Out
Florida schools still rely on exclusionary discipline.
* Nearly 345,000 suspensions each year in Florida, including more than 100 at the preschool level.
* 570 expulsions
* 7,000 alternative placements
* Florida's black students are 2.5 times as likely to be removed from classrooms as their white peers.
* Florida’s LGBTQ youth are more than twice as likely to report feeling unsafe at school, being bullied at school and fighting at school than their heterosexual peers. Three of five LGBTQ youth report being disciplined through suspensions or expulsions.
* Florida’s students with disabilities, evidenced by Individualized Education Plans are 2.7 times as likely to be suspended and 17.4 times as likely to be expelled.
Exclusionary discipline marks students as “bad kids"
* School disciplinary history is used in criminal justice and education decision-making, allowing for secondary sanctioning.
* Students are marginalized, and criminalization deepens with each successive sanction.
Law Enforcement Gets involved
* Florida schools referred 13,749 students to law enforcement.
* Florida schools refer students to law enforcement 30% more often than the national average.
* Florida schools are more than twice as likely to refer black students to law enforcement and 3.25 times as likely to be refer students with Individualized Education Plans.
* Law enforcement is nearly 3 times as likely to arrest black students at school and 7.8 times as likely to arrest students with learning disabilities at school.
The Criminal Justice System Pulls Students In
Students pushed out of schools are more likely to drop out.
* Some alternative schools are used to warehouse at-risk students until they drop out or are arrested.
* Not graduating high school is associated with a great risk of future incarceration.
The developmental needs of students in detention or jail are neglected.
* Detention centers and jails are to protect the public. They are ill-prepared to nurture growing minds, teach conflict resolution or other executive functioning skills or to educate their detainees.
* Florida students held in smaller jails have no access to education other than GED programming. Larger jails also fail to provide the legally required education, with some offering only 2 or 3 hours of instruction per week.
Students pushed out of schools are more likely to be arrested.
* Exclusionary discipline puts more strain on at-risk students and their families, further disconnects them from the school environment, and stigmatizes at-risk youth.
* Students not in school because of discipline are more than twice as likely to be arrested.
SOURCE :
https://www.aclufl.org/en/floridas-school-prison-pipeline
*** Disclaimer : This a repost from myself, because people are tooooo comfortable with the status quo. ***
“I will not apologize for telling the FACTS, in a world that worship the lies”.
Pipeline to Prison | School Discipline Support Initiative
Breaking Schools’ Rules: A Statewide Study on How School Discipline Relates to Students’ Success and Juvenile Justice Involvement (2011) The Council of State Governments Justice Center and the Public Policy Research Institute at Texas A&M University
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CPL LaForest Gray
13TH AMENDMENT : Slavery Still Legal in America-AMERIKKKA
1.) The 13th Amendment exempts from the involuntary servitude clause persons convicted of a crime, and persons drafted to serve in the military.
2.) On April 8, 1864, according to the Library of Congress, the Senate passed the 13th Amendment on a 38 to 6 vote. But on June 15, 1864, it was defeated in the House on a 93 to 65 vote. With 23 members of Congress not voting, it failed to meet the two-thirds majority needed to pass a Constitutional amendment.Oct 12, 2018
3.) After Failing in 1865 to Ratify the 13th Amendment, Mississippi Finally Ratifies It 130 Years After its Adoption (1995)
SOURCE :
https://4thefirsttime.blogspot.com/2007/11/1995-last-state-to-abolish-slavery.html?m=1
4.) Does an Exception Clause in the 13th Amendment Still Permit Slavery?
The amendment, which officially abolished slavery in the United States in 1865, includes a loophole regarding involuntary servitude.
“In 2020, Congressional Democrats introduced a joint resolution to remove the "punishment" clause from the 13th Amendment. The resolution would need to be passed by a two-thirds majority in both houses of Congress. Then, three-quarters of states would need to approve the change for it to become federal law.”
SOURCE :
https://www.history.com/news/13th-amendment-slavery-loophole-jim-crow-prisons
5.) Does an Exception Clause in the 13th Amendment Still Permit Slavery?
The amendment, which officially abolished slavery in the United States in 1865, includes a loophole regarding involuntary servitude.
Oct 2, 2018
SOURCE :
https://www.history.com/news/13th-amendment-slavery-loophole-jim-crow-prisons
*** this a repost from myself, because ya are tooooo comfortable with the status quo ***
1.) The 13th Amendment exempts from the involuntary servitude clause persons convicted of a crime, and persons drafted to serve in the military.
2.) On April 8, 1864, according to the Library of Congress, the Senate passed the 13th Amendment on a 38 to 6 vote. But on June 15, 1864, it was defeated in the House on a 93 to 65 vote. With 23 members of Congress not voting, it failed to meet the two-thirds majority needed to pass a Constitutional amendment.Oct 12, 2018
3.) After Failing in 1865 to Ratify the 13th Amendment, Mississippi Finally Ratifies It 130 Years After its Adoption (1995)
SOURCE :
https://4thefirsttime.blogspot.com/2007/11/1995-last-state-to-abolish-slavery.html?m=1
4.) Does an Exception Clause in the 13th Amendment Still Permit Slavery?
The amendment, which officially abolished slavery in the United States in 1865, includes a loophole regarding involuntary servitude.
“In 2020, Congressional Democrats introduced a joint resolution to remove the "punishment" clause from the 13th Amendment. The resolution would need to be passed by a two-thirds majority in both houses of Congress. Then, three-quarters of states would need to approve the change for it to become federal law.”
SOURCE :
https://www.history.com/news/13th-amendment-slavery-loophole-jim-crow-prisons
5.) Does an Exception Clause in the 13th Amendment Still Permit Slavery?
The amendment, which officially abolished slavery in the United States in 1865, includes a loophole regarding involuntary servitude.
Oct 2, 2018
SOURCE :
https://www.history.com/news/13th-amendment-slavery-loophole-jim-crow-prisons
*** this a repost from myself, because ya are tooooo comfortable with the status quo ***
1995: last state to abolish slavery
In 1588, Lithuania abolished slavery. In 1772, slavery was declared illegal in England. In 1777, slavery was abolished in Vermont. In 1799, ...
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CPL LaForest Gray
The 13th Amendment Legalization of ongoing Slavery :
The 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution declared that "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." Formally abolishing slavery in the United States, the 13th Amendment was passed by the Congress on January 31, 1865, and ratified by the states on December 6, 1865.
*The 13th Amendment makes it clear that slavey is legal with one simple word : “Except”.
So seriously ... what are these other discussion about REALLY if legal slavery is still allowed to exist???
#wakeup
# abolishthe13ThAmendment
#endslavery
——————————————
Thirteenth Amendment
Thirteenth Amendment Annotated
Section 1
Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.
Section 2
Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
SOURCE : https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-13/
The 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution declared that "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." Formally abolishing slavery in the United States, the 13th Amendment was passed by the Congress on January 31, 1865, and ratified by the states on December 6, 1865.
*The 13th Amendment makes it clear that slavey is legal with one simple word : “Except”.
So seriously ... what are these other discussion about REALLY if legal slavery is still allowed to exist???
#wakeup
# abolishthe13ThAmendment
#endslavery
——————————————
Thirteenth Amendment
Thirteenth Amendment Annotated
Section 1
Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.
Section 2
Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
SOURCE : https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-13/
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