William Edwards Deming biography, co-founder of PDCA cycle | ToolsHero

On December 20, 1993, W. Edwards Deming, US economist (helped Japan after WW II), died at the age of 93. From the article:

"William Edwards Deming biography, co-founder of PDCA cycle | ToolsHero

William Edwards Deming (1900 – 1993) was an American statistician. William Edwards Deming was a famous quality management guru who strived for continuous improvement of organizations. The origin of his work can be found in the Japanese manufacturing industry. There he learned about the management principles of statistical process control (SPC), a precursor of Total Quality Management (TQM). This is also why William Edwards Deming was considered to be the most influential non-Japanese person in the field of the Japanese manufacturing industry. He was also the proponent of the famous Plan-Do-Check-Act model and his 14 points on Management.

Biography William Edwards Deming
William Edwards Deming obtained a Bachelor’s degree (BSc.) in electrical engineering from the University of Wyoming. In 1925, he obtained his Master’s degree (MSc.) in statistics from the University of Colorado. And last but not least, William Edwards Deming obtained his doctorate (Ph.D.) in statistics and statistical physics from Yale University in 1928.

He studied for some years with Walter A. Shewhart of Bell Telephone Laboratories. Shewhart’s theories about statistical control methods formed the basis for Deming’s work.

In 1940, William Edwards Deming developed several sampling techniques. He taught SPC techniques to the labourers who were engaged in wartime production. These techniques were widely applied during the World War Two.

After World War Two, William Edwards Deming was involved in issues concerning the Japanese economy. His expertise, combined with his involvement in Japanese society, led to an invitation from the Japanese Union of Scientists and Engineers (JUSE) to participate in projects. JUSE members had studied Shewhart’s techniques. As part of Japan’s reconstruction, they sought an expert to teach SPC.

In 1950, William Edwards Deming taught his first of a dozen courses about Statistical Quality Control (SQC). This time he conducted the session for Japanese top management. Its purpose was to convey the message: “improvement of quality will lead to a reduction of expenses and to an increase of productivity and market share’. Several (large) Japanese manufacturers applied Deming’s techniques and were therefore able to create a new international demand for Japanese products.

In 1960 William Edwards Deming was the first American to be awarded with the Second Order of the Sacred Treasures (a Japanese award) from the then Prime Minister Nobusuke Kishi. He received this award because the Japanese people recognized his contributions to the rebirth of their industry. Thereafter William Edwards Deming continued his work at an international level and he received many nominations and awards.

In December 1993, William Edwards Deming died in his sleep at the age of 93 in his Washington home at about 3 a.m. due to “natural causes”.

15 Famous quotes by William Edwards Deming
“Profit in business comes from repeat customers, customers that boast about your project or service, and that bring friends with them.”
“It is not enough to do your best; you must know what to do, and then do your best.”
“It is not necessary to change. Survival is not mandatory.”
“If you can’t describe what you are doing as a process, you don’t know what you’re doing.”
“Quality is everyone’s responsibility.”
“Innovation comes from the producer – not from the customer.”
“If you do not know how to ask the right question, you discover nothing.”
“You should not ask questions without knowledge.”
“Learning is not compulsory… neither is survival.”
“The result of long-term relationships is better and better quality, and lower and lower costs.”
“Rational behaviour requires theory. Reactive behaviour requires only reflex action.”
“We are here to make another world.”
“Lack of knowledge… that is the problem.”
“All anyone asks for is a chance to work with pride.”
“Whenever there is fear, you will get wrong figures.”