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On May 7, 1952, the concept of the integrated circuit, the basis for all modern computers, was first published by Geoffrey Dummer. From the article:

"On this date in 1952, Geoffrey W.A. Dummer (books by this author) first presented the concept of the integrated circuit, also known as the microchip, which is the basis for all modern electronic equipment.

Geoffrey Dummer was born in Yorkshire in 1909 and studied electrical engineering at Regent Polytechnic in London. He held a series of jobs in the 1930s, including a post with the Ministry of Defence; his group was responsible for the first radar screen ever built. During World War II, he trained American and Canadian forces in ground-based aircraft detection training. Throughout his career, he was always looking for a way to make electronic components more reliable.

He developed the idea of putting all of the elements of an electrical circuit — a transistor, a resistor, a capacitor, and a diode — onto one piece, an integrated circuit, made out of a single piece of silicon.

He presented his paper at the U.S. Electronic Components Symposium in Washington, D.C. He told his audience, “It now seems possible to envisage electronic equipment in a solid block with no connecting wires.” Dummer’s talk is considered the first public description of an integrated circuit. Five years later, Dummer presented a prototype of his idea, and tried to get the British government to invest in the integrated circuit, but to no avail. He later said: “The plain fact is that nobody would take the risk. The Ministry wouldn’t place a contract because they hadn’t an application.”

American scientists beat Dummer to the punch, patenting their own circuit in 1958, and it would be years before the United Kingdom had a semiconductor industry. While Dummer didn’t get a patent for his concept, he did earn the title “The Prophet of the Integrated Circuit.”

Today, we rely on integrated circuits to run our computers, our phones, our watches, and our calculators. They’re also used in microwaves, TVs, stereos, cars, refrigerators, kids’ toys, and musical greeting cards. Pretty much anything you plug in is going to have at least one microchip in it."