Posted on Feb 19, 2016
COL Mikel J. Burroughs
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If you Conceal Carry a Gun what is Your Personal Rules of Engagement?

What are the different levels of escalation that you are going to go through when comforted with a situation where you have to pull out your concealed weapon?

Are you prepared for the consequences of shooting or killing an individual in self-defense?

I'm curious about what you have put in place as your personal ROE
Edited 10 y ago
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Responses: 66
LTC Tradoc Capability Manager Abct/Recon
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If I have to draw my weapon, I am prepared to use lethal force to end the threat. I will not draw my weapon to threaten someone, it will only come out of its holster if I have perceived a threat to myself or others of dire bodily injury or death.
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Capt Walter Miller
Capt Walter Miller
10 y
Also more fun than a barrel of monkeys - civil liability!

If the DA decides it is too much trouble to prosecute you, the victim (if living) and or the family might haul you into civil court. They'll always have a case that might sound reasonable to a jury, you second amendment psycho.

Walt
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Sgt Jack Black
Sgt Jack Black
10 y
In the event lives are being taken I'll act. I see a few here saying they wouldn't draw their weapon until time to shoot. I will draw and be ready to kill if necessary but God willing I'll be ready.
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SPC(P) Satcom Systems Operator/Maintainer
SPC(P) (Join to see)
10 y
Capt Walter Miller - Some states have the brandishing law to include even if the firearm is still in the holster, but your actions or more the others perceptions of your actions can be under this same law.
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Capt Walter Miller
Capt Walter Miller
10 y
You mean if they just feel threatened? Geez, that's almost British.
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Sgt Aaron Kennedy, MS
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1) De-escalate, De-escalate, De-escalate.
2) "If" #1 is not possible, he who escalates hardest, fastest, is most likely to survive.
3)"If" I have to draw it, be willing to use it.
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LTC Tradoc Capability Manager Abct/Recon
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10 y
Well put
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Sgt Aaron Kennedy, MS
Sgt Aaron Kennedy, MS
10 y
COL Mikel J. Burroughs Every situation is different. Are we dealing with a "calm & collected" type? Are we dealing with someone who appears "nervous" or "anxious?" What kind of distance? What are they demanding? (wallet, keys, watch) Do they look like they know what they are doing? (how are they holding the weapon) What kind of environment am I in?

Please remember I carry as a matter of course, and was a firearms dealer for years. These are things I have thought through a lot. I was lucky enough never to have to draw my weapon in need. I hope that continues. But hope for the best, plan for the worst.
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PO3 Michael James
PO3 Michael James
10 y
Have to agree with Sgt Kennedy.. He has covered practically every possible way to work through this.. End result.. Defensive actions..
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COL Mikel J. Burroughs
COL Mikel J. Burroughs
10 y
Sgt Aaron Kennedy, MS I agreed whole hardly with your first response and I agree with your second response - You have a plan and your executing that plan. Excellent thoughts and advice for all - thanks
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SPC(P) Jay Heenan
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There is no such thing as "personal ROE" when concealed carrying. Your states laws will be your ROE. Anything else will just get you charged with a crime. Even the choice of drawing your weapon is covered. Read your state laws and be sure to understand them BEFORE (God forbid) you are forced to pull your weapon for self defense.
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CSM Charles Hayden Passed 7/29/2025
CSM Charles Hayden Passed 7/29/2025
10 y
SPC(P) Jay Heenan Even that "Sherwin Williams" CCW permit from AZ only covers 36(?) states.
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SPC Asst. Veterans' Liaison/Adjunct/Computer Support Specialist
SPC (Join to see)
10 y
Unfortunately, in NY (ruled by Wall st donkeys) you cannot carry for personal security just hunting, camping, hiking and target shooting. They also do not believe in accidental discharge it's all negligent if it's not the 4 situations above. May Dunford finally get NESARA to be applied since it's an official law on the books...will rid us all of these traitors who've kept our country Incorporated since the Civil War.
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SSG Assistant Operations Nco
SSG (Join to see)
10 y
While you should absolutely know and follow the laws and regulations where you carry, I would argue that there are situations that I might choose prison time over grave time. Also, State laws only draw a line in the sand, there is still a lot of material left up to the individual, which is where personal ROE comes in.
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SPC(P) Jay Heenan
SPC(P) Jay Heenan
6 y
SFC James J. Palmer IV aka "JP4" I did to, but until we are living in a post apocalyptic time, personal ROE doesn’t exist...
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If you Conceal Carry a Gun what is Your Personal ROE?
Capt Mark Strobl
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Edited 10 y ago
COL Mikel J. Burroughs - ONLY to protect life & limb. Otherwise, move to safer ground and call for those who are professionally deputized to make that decision.
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COL Mikel J. Burroughs
COL Mikel J. Burroughs
10 y
Capt Mark Strobl That is a very good call. I have my weapons in the house and that is to protect my family from home intrusions only. If I carried concealed outside of the house I would follow a very strict set of personal ROE, because like many have said in other responses, even if you are fully justified for taking someone's life in self-defense outside of your home, you will still go through a ton of crap and questioning. In most instances I have card holding NRA Carrying Concealed buddies that I've seen walk away and completely back down from situations that could have escalated into a blaze of gunfire because they have sound and disciplined personal ROE. That is just my name for it. Just some shared thoughts!
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CPO Frank Coluccio
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Since I am a LEO, the same ROE as LEOs
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COL Mikel J. Burroughs
COL Mikel J. Burroughs
10 y
CPO Frank Coluccio Thanks for responding and I assume that LEO stands for Law Enforcement Officer. Can you share the levels of escalation that you must go through before using lethal force, if you don't mind?
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CPO Frank Coluccio
CPO Frank Coluccio
10 y
Correct, LEO is Law Enforcement Officer.
The definition of lethal, or deadly, force is (to put it simply): That force that you know, can and will cause serious bodily harm or death. To be used as a last resort, after all lesser means of force have been used.
That being said, if I see someone with a gun threatening another, I'm not going to approach them and talk to them without my gun drawn AND aimed at them. Neither am I going to pull my gun if I see a plain argument between people.
Level and and escalation is dependent on the situation, and rarely, if ever are the same. You don't have to employ all of them if the the force displayed is at a higher level, i.e. if the person has a knife, you go right to the firearm. As a LEO, I can, and will escalate to the step above the threat to me, and others.
As for level...First is your presence and voice, then physical, employment of other non-lethal means; baton, taser, pepper/OC spray, then deadly. Just because you draw your weapon doesn't mean you have to use it.
The MOST important thing to remember about use of force is that the second they deescalate, so must you. Use of force is a fluid situation and you must be aware of what to use, when to use it, how to use it and, again, when to step it down.
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COL Mikel J. Burroughs
COL Mikel J. Burroughs
10 y
CPO Frank Coluccio Thanks for going though all the steps you would take and how you would assess and escalate. I think it's important to think through all types of possible scenarios in advance if you carry concealed and how you would react. I'm not saying that every situation is going to be the same, but you need to go over your own personal ROE in your mind and training to be spot on. Just my opinion. Sounds like you have a great handle on your own.
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Cpl Jeff N.
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It is pretty clear to me. I do carry regularly. First point that Sgt Aaron Kennedy, MS makes is to de-escalate, move away, try to avoid the issue first.

The rule of thumb is that you need to believe your life or the lives of others are in immediate danger or there is the likelihood of serious bodily harm to you or others.

You should never draw a weapon you do not intend to use but just because you draw it doesn't mean you are going to be justified in using it. You could have someone threatening you with a knife. You believe your life is at risk. You draw your weapon to protect yourself. The other person moves away/drops the weapon etc. You are no longer in danger so you are not cleared to shoot.
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PO3 Michael James
PO3 Michael James
10 y
CPL Neely, Also Very well stated.. and MCPO Collins, nailed it with Hesitation.. Very True..
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COL Mikel J. Burroughs
COL Mikel J. Burroughs
10 y
Cpl Jeff N. I have a deep respect for your response - thanks
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Capt Lance Gallardo
Capt Lance Gallardo
10 y
Cpl Jeff N. I second the respect for you Cpl Neely, and I ask you don't you think part of NOT being in a place where you might have to use deadly force is avoiding the places where nuckle heads or criminals hangout, ie bad neighborhoods, seedy gas stations, lousy package/7 day stores, wherever your gut or instinct tells you this is probably not a place I should be in?
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Cpl Jeff N.
Cpl Jeff N.
10 y
Capt Lance Gallardo . Avoiding risky or potential dangerous areas is always a good idea whether armed or not. Being armed (carrying) does not guarantee a good outcome should the fit hit the shan.

As a rule, as a conceal carry licensee you will always be in a defensive posture. Meaning you will not draw until a threat is there. That is already a huge disadvantage. As we learned in the Marines, if you find yourself in a fair fight, you made a mistake. You really have to hope you have 3-5 seconds to draw, acquire the target, find cover (if possible) before shooting engaging the target. If they draw on you specifically (you are in their shooting window) you are likely in trouble regardless. You still have a chance (better than someone unarmed) but someone already with a drawn weapon pointed at you will be a tough spot regardless of carrying or not.

The reality is that shootings occur in what we tend to think are more benign situations. The mall, the movie theater, a school/college, at work etc. Depending on where you live and your company you cannot usually carry at a school or at work so you are always at a disadvantage there. That is the reason there are so many shootings there. The shooters are not stupid.
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SSgt Christopher Brose
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COL Mikel J. Burroughs LTC (Join to see) SFC Jim Ruether
Many violent encounters are avoided when the baddies know their intended victim is armed, so to me, drawing the weapon is not something to necessarily hold off on until the last possible instant. It is something justifiable once a credible threat is perceived, I'd rather not wait until serious bodily damage or death is imminent.

I decided long ago that I am ok with the idea of killing someone if circumstances demand it. That doesn't mean I won't be traumatized, I won't have psychological aftereffects, etc., but it does mean I won't be making the decision as I am standing there with my finger on the trigger. I think anyone who has not yet made that decision has no business carrying.
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LTC Tradoc Capability Manager Abct/Recon
LTC (Join to see)
10 y
I agree with you SSG Brose. What I meant was that if I draw I am prepared to kill, not that I wouldn't draw until it was time to kill.
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SFC Jim Ruether
SFC Jim Ruether
10 y
I believe you can go from a posed threat to a gun fight in hundredths of a second when you pull your weapon. So be prepared to pull that trigger if you pull your piece. I have been in situations where I felt threatened and that moment passed and I am glad it did too. I didn't really feel like killing anyone. I remember one time during a concealed carry firing exercise we were suppose to shout a warning, pull your weapon and deliver accurate fire on your target. Mine were all head shots which disqualified me and I had to shoot over again. So I place fifteen rounds in the bad guy's chest cavity and it was pretty much center mass. The instructor didn't like that either as it looked like I intentionally placed all of my shots in the center of this bad guy's chest(target). I told him I was hitting exactly where I was aiming and I intended to do the same if I had to on the street. He told me that in most cases your bullets will miss your target because of adrenalin, tunnel vision and a host of other maladies. I told him I will train myself to shoot my attacker where it will stop him in his tracks. I don't intend to wound him I will kill him. No choice in my mind. I certainly don't want to just piss him off!
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COL Mikel J. Burroughs
COL Mikel J. Burroughs
10 y
SSgt Christopher Brose I think that is some sound advice. There are a lot of what if's though! Thanks for responding!
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SFC Jim Ruether
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I would have to agree with Major Davis on this one. I am not a braggart nor do I brandish my weapon to intimidate others. I am however prepared to draw my weapon and use lethal force until the threat is eliminated if I believe I am in danger of either great bodily harm or death
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COL Mikel J. Burroughs
COL Mikel J. Burroughs
10 y
SFC Jim Ruether I agree and I'm not questioning that, but as we were all taought and we trained our soldiers down range in order to not to kill innocent citizens or non-combatants shouldn't all of us that carry conceal have some level of escalation for the non-lethal situations. Believe me if I was pssing someone off and they pulled out a gun I would shut my mouth and try to walk away first, even if I was carrying, because a move to get my gun could cause me to die. Secondly, if someone is coming at you like they intend to hurt you, don't you thing a warning shot rright by their ear would get their attention - it would mine. I'm just trying to make sure as a society that we have all thought about the what if's and thought about our own personal Rules of Engagement. It was punded inot our heads down range, shouldn't be part of our TTP's in our communities. Just a thought and my opinion. I hope I didn't offend by discussing some of the other options.
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SFC Jim Ruether
SFC Jim Ruether
10 y
COL Mikel J. Burroughs -No troubles here. You hope that you never get in a situation where you may need to make that decision. Situational awareness will keep you out of most troubles. No dark alleys, travel in a group, a lot of good ways to stay safe!
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LTC Tradoc Capability Manager Abct/Recon
LTC (Join to see)
10 y
COL Mikel J. Burroughs - But remember, sir, that the ROEs do not take away a Soldiers right to use deadly force to defend themselves, or their fellows. That is rule number one, and often gets overlooked, especially by the media. No worries. I'm enjoying the conversation. Multiple points of view are a requirement for true learning.
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COL Mikel J. Burroughs
COL Mikel J. Burroughs
10 y
SFC Jim Ruether Totally agree with your comments - that is good advice for all families and anyone traveling in unknown locations, cities, etc... LTC (Join to see) You hit the nail right on the head there is some great comments and feedback going all around. I really don't disagree with anyone, unless they said kill everyone that looks at them funny. I think it is good to think about these things from a safety, society, and community perspective. There is no such things as "Personal ROE" I made that up about a couple of hours ago to get this party started - so ffar so good. I've leraned a lot and there has been some really good thought process past around - good stuff Thanks to both of you are joining in!
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SGT Jerrold Pesz
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When carrying concealed my rules of engagement are simple. If I feel that I am in serious danger of death or serious bodily injury or if a loved one is and there is no good way to escape I shoot you. I do not use my gun unless it is absolutely necessary and then only to protect myself or a person who is with me. I do not use my gun to protect people that I do not know or to stop crimes that do not concern me. The only possible exception would be to save the life of a child.
No matter how justified you are in shooting someone you are going to go through tons of shit and you will be sued. That is true even for law enforcement. I do still work some contract security jobs and the rules of engagement for that are different but in those situations I have other non-lethal weapons that will usually reduce or eliminate the need to shoot somebody. In all cases a gun is the last resort.
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SPC(P) Jay Heenan
SPC(P) Jay Heenan
10 y
SGT Jerrold Pesz
Tennessee has a "Stand Your Ground" law. There is also the "The Good
Samaritan Protection Act of 1999" that covers coming to the aid of others.
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COL Mikel J. Burroughs
COL Mikel J. Burroughs
10 y
SGT Jerrold Pesz Thanks for that excellent feedback - I respect your ROE it sounds like you have thought is through thoroughly!
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Doug Macdonald
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COL Mikel J. Burroughs, I have a concealed carry permit in the state of FL. I am totally familiar with the stand your ground laws & concealed carry regulations in the state. As the youngest recipient of the U.S. Army Marksman medal, I know I can hit what I am aiming at.

That being said, I think you have to adapt your ROE to the individual situation. I have had 2 situations in 58 years where deadly force was required. The first situation was an armed robbery at my home in Orlando. One shot to the head. Deadly force was necessary as he was armed.

The 2nd situation most people would have used deadly force but I made the decision to simply immobilize to minimize casualties. He had just robbed Publix, I was in the parking lot heading for the door when he appeared coming out into the parking lot shooting. I hit him in the upper arm and disarmed him until police arrived.

I do agree that you need to know your state concealed carry regulations. If you are going to carry a gun you need to know how to hit what you aim for without emptying an entire clip.
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COL Mikel J. Burroughs
COL Mikel J. Burroughs
10 y
Doug Macdonald Thanks for the examples that you provided and your response. I hope I'm never confronted with the first one when it comes to my home.
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