Posted on Jul 21, 2015
SGT Infantryman (Airborne)
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A jumpmaster’s failure to properly inspect a paratrooper’s static lines was determined the “single most definitive failure” that led to the parachuting death of a young female soldier, an Army investigation has found.


According to the informal AR 15-6 investigation, Schmigel’s equipment was misrouted so that, when exiting the plane, she became a “towed jumper.” While be being towed, the subsequent jumper exited the plane and Schmigel became entangled in his T-11 parachute. Schmigel reportedly died from fatal lacerations to the throat and a broken neck. The entire incident lasted three to four seconds, according to the report.

The findings, obtained by Army Times through a Freedom of Information Act request, are from the investigation conducted within the 82nd Airborne Division; another investigation represents the Army's formal query into the incident. That safety accident report by the U.S. Army Combat Readiness Center has been completed and sent to command for review, and will be released in November or December, according to USACRC FOIA officer Vickie Hendrix.

http://www.armytimes.com/story/military/careers/army/enlisted/2015/07/20/report-jumpmaster-cited-training-death-paratrooper/30374491/
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Responses: 25
MSG Operations Sergeant
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Jumpmasters assume responsibility for each paratrooper at initial manifest call until they safely exit the aircraft and become the responsibility of the ground commander. So yes, they are responsible. This is why it is such a hard school. The military doesn't call anyone a "Master" unless they are.
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SPC George Long
SPC George Long
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MSG (Join to see) - Thank you for your explanation. I am aware the school is difficult and expect only the best be chosen. In '69 I was in Womack Hospital When a large night jump was conducted, The injury rate was un believable. I also once in Fredericksburg VA watched a Golden Knight fall to his death. Even training in the military can be very dangerous but the civilian world does not see it. So explanations like yours to the public are sorely needed. Again thank you.
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SSG Jeff Binkiewicz
SSG Jeff Binkiewicz
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I echo your commentary MSG. Although I would have to hold accountable the Jumpmaster who JMPI'D The soldier as well as the safety or safeties on that door.
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SFC Platoon Sergeant
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I completely agree with everything you said MSG Sparks.
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SGT Felicia King
SGT Felicia King
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It is a difficult school, as well it should. Back in 2005 when we got back from a deployment the command tried to send a bunch of soldiers to Jumpmaster school because a lot would be leaving. NOT ONE of them passed.
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SFC Joseph Bosley
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As a former paratrooper and master parachutist I have to say absolutely the jumpmaster is responsible. Not to reiterate MSG Sparks comments because he is completely right. Being directly responsible for more than 140 lives is heavy burden, one that any jumpmaster bears by choice. Its the jumpmaster who is responsible for the actions and capabilities of their safeties. The fact that a safety failed to properly inspect the rigging of a soldier is the responsibility of the primary jumpmaster of the chalk. However there are several other things that are at fault here too. I was also an S3 Air so the fact that this jumpmaster was give only 4 safeties and every one of them brand new is inexcusable also. There should always be an experienced safety on each door teamed up with new safeties. The Battalion Commander or Operation Officer should have caught this and stopped it if the S3 Air didn't. If it got that far the primary jumpmaster should have said something. Ultimately its the Primary that responsible for everything that happens on their chalk.
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SGT Infantryman (Airborne)
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SFC Joseph Bosley, Thank you for further explanation from someone who understands and knows the policies. Airborne Sergeant!
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SFC Platoon Sergeant
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Wish I scrolled a little further, I just posted the same thing minus all the reasons behind why this shouldnt of happened. I think its unfair to hold only the Jumpmaster responsible IMHO there were multiple things that led to this unfortunate event and the investigation should be pointing multiple fingers not just one.
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SGT Infantryman (Airborne)
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SFC (Join to see), That's ok. Thanks.
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Sgt Aaron Kennedy, MS
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Stepping away from the responsibility piece for just a second.

Safety is Vigilance. It's doing the little things right 100% of the time. Sure there are things you can never foresee, but if you do all the little things right, the chances of getting hurt drop dramatically. Unfortunately, when small mistakes creep in, they compound, and they become major issues.

The other problem that happens, and this not an excuse, is "muscle memory." There's an old adage. "Muscle memory will save your life, muscle memory will get you killed." Know how to do it backwards and forwards to the point where you don't have to think about how to do it. To where your subconscious mind just takes over. The problem with that is, your conscious mind is what double checks everything and makes sure you didn't screw things up. Vigilance.

There have been times where I was working on something that I was EXTREMELY proficient at, finished the task, and realized I just had no memory of doing it. It was all subconscious. I had to go back through it with a fine tooth comb, and make sure I didn't mess it up. If you're dealing with an administrative task.. that's likely no big deal. If you're dealing with throwing someone out of a plane, and 9.8m per second squared... that's a huge deal, especially with lots of people, as each instance increases the likelihood that you screwed up one thing.

The easy answer to this was Negligence (to the point of Dereliction), though if you asked the JM in private he would probably say "I checked it. I know I checked it." And will doubt himself forever.

Not making excuses for him. The investigation and report says where the failures occur. He wore those wings and accepted the responsibility that came with them. And losing someone in training just shouldn't happen.
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SGT Infantryman (Airborne)
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Sgt Aaron Kennedy, MS, You are 100% correct. In jump school, our stick leader was a Major. On his second jump he pulled the wrong slip and did the wrong PLF and broke his leg and arm. On the surface, looking at what he did was totally his fault. In the investigation, it was found out his training NCO knew about the problem with the Major not understanding what to do, when he pulled a slip and not understanding fully about how to do a proper PLF. The Major should have been recycled until he was proficient at both. I don't know if it was because of his rank or the laziness of the NCO. It was an accident waiting to happen. For those of you who do not know what pulling a slip is, it's pulling on the correct riser to direct you to come down as much in a straight line as possible, to the DZ. If the wrong riser is pulled, the wind can carry you far away from the DZ, and if you don't do the correct PLF, you're going to get hurt. A PLF ( parachute landing fall) is used when you touch down. There are four PLF directions. A front PLF, a left and right and backward PLF. Using the correct PLF, you will touch down safely. How did we know which riser to pull and which PLF to use? Listening, watching, practicing. If our NCO had not done his job, one of us could have died. We even practiced how to kick away from the aircraft if we got slammed into it. Unfortunately for this young paratrooper, her fate was doomed when proper procedure wasn't followed.
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MSgt Marvin Kinderknecht
MSgt Marvin Kinderknecht
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I Agree SGT. as a B-29 Flight Engineer on B-29's I had to know where all 121 switches were and what they did in case we had electrical failure. happened to me once.I hit switches so fast I could not believe it. I don't know if it was muscle memory or brain instink. They have to move together. No chance to "freeze" in an emergency.
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Is The Jump Master Responsible In The Training Death Of A Paratrooper ?
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Safety is drummed into your head. The investigation found him negligent and lose his jumpmaster wings. A soldier lost her life, he should be charged with dereliction of duty, and discharged which is still not enough.
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SGT Infantryman (Airborne)
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LTC Stephen C., I can't feel any sympathy for the jump master. From day one in jump school, all we heard was nothing but safety. We inspected ourselves and then inspected ourselves again. If you screwed up and got hurt, it was your fault. We depended on the black hats and jump NCO's to ensure we did it right the first time. There aren't many times you got a second chance with a major malfunction in a jump. The young lady, her parents and family, are who I have sympathy for. The jump master can go on with his life. The young paratrooper can't.
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LTC Stephen C.
LTC Stephen C.
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Don't get me wrong, SGT (Join to see), I have no sympathy for that jumpmaster. Like I said, I'm in total agreement with CPT (Join to see). I just also believe that a man of conscience will never get over such an act.
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SGT Infantryman (Airborne)
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Agreed LTC Stephen C., it would tear me a new one. Sometime, I would eventually have to accept I was the person responsible and I need to move on it is going to kill me. Towards the end of my tour, I came face to face with an NVA. He had total fear in his eyes. I had total surprise in mine. We stared at each other for at least two seconds. He made a move to raise his AK. It left me with no other possible reaction but to shoot first. I thought about that encounter for years and years. I watched as his body shook and he died. For years I felt remorse. It's different if you're staring eye to eye. I still think about it, as you can tell. I had to let it go or it would drive me crazy. Different scenario, but same end result. A life is a life.
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MSgt Marvin Kinderknecht
MSgt Marvin Kinderknecht
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SGT (Join to see) - I would have done the same thing. When someone points a gun at another, I go with who shoots first.I approve of it being fatal. I had the experience of hearing or seeing it it writing of plane crashes/ accidents that were Pilot error. I have NEVER heard of any punitive action. That is why I had no qualms of NOT flying with one pilot. Took forever, but we did depart. I would equally guilty if I was screwed up and crew members got hurt or killed.
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Rick Wiseman
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Most definitely! They were not at the mandated briefings and according to the article he was out of Cert... No question he was at fault!
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LTC Dave Duffy
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Yes, JM was punished correctly. There is no room for error in airborne operations. My issue is why wasn't the Airborne Commander and Primary JM reprimanded as well? Their responsibility to ensure all JMs attend briefings and rehearsals as well as being current. Greater problems than just missing the misrouted static line.
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SGT Infantryman (Airborne)
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LTC Dave Duffy, Sir, I think this might be the Lt. Calley syndrome. In other words "Scapegoat". True it is the JM responsibility for all of the safety procedures, and attending all meetings prior to the jump, but, in answer to your question, his superiors will point the finger at him until someone asks the same questions you just asked. IMHO
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SFC Wesley Arnold, Jr
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To blame one Jumpmaster or Safety is hard to say ... How may Jumpmasters were present during rigging? Do you know specifically who preformed this Trooper's JMPI ? If there were extra safeties than a fuller inspection "might" have been available. As jumper who's follow a towed jumper everything was normal until my exit. The static line rose to the top of the door and no view until after exiting ... I tried to push off a little harder to give the jumper more room, I yelled "Towed Jumper" all the way down but it was in vain until I reached the ground and found a radio. At which time the Jumpmaster had already identified the problem and a pulled the Trooper in.

Two other Tow Jumpers that I know of were one who stayed so long it blew the young female Trooper's boot and was final drop free in the next county. Another was a fatality unfortunately as the Trooper in tow slammed against the aircraft one to many time before he was retrievable.

I was surprised the this accident happened with a T-11 parachute only to read it was a accident to that specific type of parachute. The article state; "The incident would not have occurred if the soldiers had used a T-10 version of the pack closing tie (the rope holding the parachute together that is broken when it deploys)."
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SFC Wesley Arnold, Jr
SFC Wesley Arnold, Jr
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SGT (Join to see) - I stand corrected I just totally skip that paragraph, I hate to say this about a fellow Jumpmaster, but we are responsible, there should be more action taken than just against the safety.

1. ABN CDR should have ensured the Senior Jumpmaster's team was prepared for the mission.
2. Senior Jumpmaster should have ensured that the team was properly trained on the Parachute system being used for this OP.
3. Fresh out of Jumpmaster School he should have been proficient to recognize the deficiency. He still should have had a shadow just to make sure on his "first time". I know I did and was grateful to have an extremely season Jumpmaster. With him looking over my shoulder I was more confidant that he wouldn't let me screw up.

(Not being qualified on the T-11 myself, it sounds like that should have been a Major Deficiency during JMPI training)
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SFC Wesley Arnold, Jr
SFC Wesley Arnold, Jr
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CW2 (Join to see) - I wouldn't have know the difference, but thank you for the information. I retired FEB 2008 so I have no knowledge or experience with the T-11
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SGT Infantryman (Airborne)
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Was the T-10 still in use up to 2008? I thought those had been mothballed years ago.
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LTC Stephen C.
LTC Stephen C.
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SFC Wesley Arnold, Jr, you might interested in SGT Kristin Wiley's thoughts in her discussion thread regarding the T-10 versus the T-11:
https://www.rallypoint.com/positions/paratrooper/answers/is-the-t-11-more-dangerous-than-the-t-10-parachute
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COL Charles Williams
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Yes. Absolutely. We rely in JMs to get this right 100% of the time.
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SSG Jamil Spruill
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Yes he is he was responsible for inspecting her equipment and recognizing she was a towed jumper
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SGT Infantryman (Airborne)
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SSG Jamil Spruill, I don't understand how he could have allowed this to happen. All I heard in jump school was safety, safety, safety. Check the person in front of you. Check the person behind you. Check your own gear. Becoming laxed in his responsibilities, shows what can happen. I'm glad he wasn't in my stick, or anyone like him.
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SGT Kristin Wiley
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Edited >1 y ago
It was more than just the jumpmaster who was responsible. It was an inexperienced jumpmaster team, three members of the jumpmaster team TO INCLUDE THE BATTALION COMMANDER did not attend the pre-flight jumpmaster brief; the jumpmaster was allowed to perform safety duties outside of the window that requires refresher training. This isn't the jumpmaster's fault, this is the whole command team's fault. They did not enforce or uphold the safety standards put in place. What kind of example is the Battalion Commander setting by not attending the pre-brief? The command clearly has no accountability of its jumpmasters or the specific jumpmaster in question would never have been allowed to perform his duties without proper refresher training. The command was lazy and careless, and this was reflected in the jumpmasters' that day. The jumpmaster who got 'blamed' seems to be a scapegoat for the command's failures.
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SGT Infantryman (Airborne)
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SGT Kristin Wiley, That's what I was thinking. I compared this death to the Lt. Calley, in the Vietnam war. He was ordered to kill 23 civilians, babies and adults. Of course his CO denied he gave the order, and Calley was tried and found guilty of murder. They are both scapegoats IMO.
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