Posted on Aug 14, 2017
President Ford Restores Robert E. Lee's Citizenship After 100 Years
6.95K
160
87
17
17
0
And how many of you still insist that Robert E Lee is a traitor?
Interesting about the interpretations of the recent past. I would also recommend reading the following information:
Lee After The War
After Robert E. Lee surrendered at Appomattox courthouse on April 9, 1865, the general was pardoned by President Lincoln. He was unable to return to his estate in Arlington, Virginia, however, because it now sat in the middle of a national cemetery, overlooking the graves of thousands of union soldiers.
Lee and his family instead moved to Lexington, Virginia, where he became the president of Washington College. It is believed that he accepted this low-profile post, which paid only $1,500 a year, because he felt it unseemly to profit after such a bloody and divisive conflict. In 1865, Lee signed an amnesty oath, asking once again to become a citizen of the United States. He did so as an active encouragement for confederate soldiers to rejoin the United States.
Lee's own desire to become an American citizen fell victim to fate. His oath of allegiance was misplaced, and he was still considered a guest in his own country when he died of heart failure on October 12, 1870. Lee's oath was only discovered 100 years later in the National Archives.
On August 5, 1975, at a ceremony at Arlington House, President Gerald Ford called Lee an example to succeeding generations and had his citizenship restored. He is buried on the grounds of the former Washington College, now known as Washington and Lee University.
http://www.pbs.org/opb/historydetectives/feature/lee-after-the-war/
And the following:
Submitted and annotated by esteemed member Bob Huddleston (Gettysburg Discussion Group)
Understandably at the end of the Civil War, there was a great deal of bitterness against those who were perceived as being the "leaders" of the Rebellion. Obvious targets included those Confederate officers who had resigned form the Untied States Army to follow their states.
Following President Lincoln's instructions and his own desire to "Let us have Peace," General Grant granted Lee and those who surrendered t Appomattox paroles which prevented the more vindictive of the Northern leadership from trying Lee or any of his officers and men for treason.
And, over the next few years, the ex-Confederates were granted amnesty by presidential proclamation.
Although the various amnesty acts and the Fourteenth Amendment prohibited certain classes of ex-Confederates from filling many United States political and military positions, they did secure personal liberty and, over time, even the prohibitions against former Confederates becoming officers in the United States Army and Navy were lifted.
Robert E. Lee died in 1870, but the Army continued to receive letters concerning his status -- enough letters that the adjutant general's office eventually established a formal "201" Personnel File for the long dead general. Now in the National Archives, and available on microfilm (M-2063), Lee's 201 File contains information from his appointment to West Point to his resignation in 1861 and on after his death.
Copied here is a letter from RG 407, Records of the Adjutant General's Office, 1917-, sent in 1945 in response to a request from a woman in California. It is, in effect, a form letter, sent out in the name of the Adjutant General by a clerk.
It is important because the sequence of pardons, declarations of amnesty and various laws applied to other ex-Confederates, as well as General Lee.
One minor error: it reports that when Lee applied for a Presidential Pardon, he failed to include the Oath of Allegiance as required by law. A few years ago the oath turned up, misfiled, perhaps deliberately by someone who did not want to see Lee pardoned. Bob Huddleston
A.G. 201
Lee, Robert E.
(16 Jan 45) RO-R
Mrs. Sam. A. Davis,
235 South Jackson,
Glendale 5, California.
Dear Mrs. Davis:
In response to your letter of 16 January 1945, herewith in a copy of my letter of 27 June 1936, regarding General Robert E. Lee, C.S.A.
"In a proclamation dated May 29, 1865 (13 Stat. 758), President Johnson granted, with certain exceptions, amnesty and pardon ‘to all persons who have, directly or indirectly, participated in the existing rebellion * * *’. Among the persons excepted from the operation of this proclamation were
"3rd. All who shall have been military or naval officers of said pretended confederate government above the rank of colonel in the army or lieutenant in the navy;
"5th. All who resigned or tendered resignations of their commissions in the army or navy of the United States to evade duty in resisting the rebellion;
"8th. All military and naval officers in the rebel service, who were educated by the government in the Military Academy at West Point or the United States Naval Academy."
"Persons who sought to accept the benefits of this proclamation were required to take and subscribe to, maintain inviolate, an oath of allegiance prescried therein.
"General Lee, although not included within the terms of this proclamation by reason of the above quoted exceptions, made application for a pardon which, however, appears never to have been aced upon by President Johnson. The required oath of allegiance did not accompany General Lee’s applciation (War of the Rebellion Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series I, Vol. XLVI, Part III, pp. 1275-1286).
"On July 4, 1868, President Johnson issued another proclamation of amnesty and pardon (15 Stat. 702) which was much broader in its application than that of May 29, 1865, in that it granted
"* * * unconditionally and without reservation, to all and to every person who directly or indirectly participated in the late insurrection or rebellion, excepting such person or persons as may be under presentment or indictment in any court of the United States having competent jurisdiction, upon a charge of treason or other felony, a full pardon and amnesty for the offence of treason against the United States, or of adhering to their enemies during the late civil war * * *".
"No oath of allegiance or other act was required of those who were pardoned by the amnesty of July 4, 1868, above cited.
"It would appear that this amnesty proclamation operated to pardon General Lee for the offense of treason for, so far as is known, General Lee was not under presentment or indictment upon a charge of treason or other felony.
"On July 13, 1868, nine days after the proclamation last above referred to, the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution was ratified by the last State necessary for its adoption.
"The third section of this amendment materially restricted the political rights of former officers of the United States who had participated in the rebellion against them, unless relieved from such disability by a vote of two-thirds of each House of Congress.
"In a proclamation dated December 25, 1868 (15 Stat. 711), President Johnson proclaimed and declared
" * * * unconditionally, and without reservation, to all and every person who directly or indirectly participated in the late insurrection or rebellion, a full pardon and amnesty for the offence of treason against the United States, or of adhering to their enemies during the late civil war, with restoration of all rights, privileges, and immunities under the Constitution and the laws which have been made in pursuance thereof.
"This proclamation following, as it did, the adoption of the Fourteenth Amendent, was necessarily limited in its operation by the restrictions imposed by that Amendement upon the President’s pardoning power. The proclamation was operative, however, to pardon General Lee for the offense of treason and restore all to his former constittuional rights, privileges and immunities except the right to hold certain offices.
"Following General Lee’s death, October 12, 1870, Congress, by the acts of May 22, 1872 (17 Stat. 142), and June 6, 1898 (30 Stat. 432), removed all political disabilities imposed by the 3rd Section of the Fourteenth Amendment.
"It seems clear that General Lee was in fact pardoned by President Johnson, if not by the proclamation of July 4, 1868, then certainly by that of December 25, 1868, and that any politcal limitations to which he was subject by the Fourteenth Amendment were removed by the act of June 6, 1898.
"It is the opinion of the War Department that full and complete amnesty was accorded to General Lee by the several proclamations and acts of Congress above referred to, and that there remains no disability with respect to him upon which a further act of the Executive or of Congress could be operative even if he were still living."
Sincerely yours,
J.A. ULIO,
Major General,
The Adjutant General
By:
201 File, Old Records Division, Adjutant General's Office, 1917- , RG 407, National Archives Microfilm M-2063, Military Service Records of Robert E. Lee
http://www.gdg.org/research/People/RELee/pardon.html
http://www.gdg.org/
Interesting about the interpretations of the recent past. I would also recommend reading the following information:
Lee After The War
After Robert E. Lee surrendered at Appomattox courthouse on April 9, 1865, the general was pardoned by President Lincoln. He was unable to return to his estate in Arlington, Virginia, however, because it now sat in the middle of a national cemetery, overlooking the graves of thousands of union soldiers.
Lee and his family instead moved to Lexington, Virginia, where he became the president of Washington College. It is believed that he accepted this low-profile post, which paid only $1,500 a year, because he felt it unseemly to profit after such a bloody and divisive conflict. In 1865, Lee signed an amnesty oath, asking once again to become a citizen of the United States. He did so as an active encouragement for confederate soldiers to rejoin the United States.
Lee's own desire to become an American citizen fell victim to fate. His oath of allegiance was misplaced, and he was still considered a guest in his own country when he died of heart failure on October 12, 1870. Lee's oath was only discovered 100 years later in the National Archives.
On August 5, 1975, at a ceremony at Arlington House, President Gerald Ford called Lee an example to succeeding generations and had his citizenship restored. He is buried on the grounds of the former Washington College, now known as Washington and Lee University.
http://www.pbs.org/opb/historydetectives/feature/lee-after-the-war/
And the following:
Submitted and annotated by esteemed member Bob Huddleston (Gettysburg Discussion Group)
Understandably at the end of the Civil War, there was a great deal of bitterness against those who were perceived as being the "leaders" of the Rebellion. Obvious targets included those Confederate officers who had resigned form the Untied States Army to follow their states.
Following President Lincoln's instructions and his own desire to "Let us have Peace," General Grant granted Lee and those who surrendered t Appomattox paroles which prevented the more vindictive of the Northern leadership from trying Lee or any of his officers and men for treason.
And, over the next few years, the ex-Confederates were granted amnesty by presidential proclamation.
Although the various amnesty acts and the Fourteenth Amendment prohibited certain classes of ex-Confederates from filling many United States political and military positions, they did secure personal liberty and, over time, even the prohibitions against former Confederates becoming officers in the United States Army and Navy were lifted.
Robert E. Lee died in 1870, but the Army continued to receive letters concerning his status -- enough letters that the adjutant general's office eventually established a formal "201" Personnel File for the long dead general. Now in the National Archives, and available on microfilm (M-2063), Lee's 201 File contains information from his appointment to West Point to his resignation in 1861 and on after his death.
Copied here is a letter from RG 407, Records of the Adjutant General's Office, 1917-, sent in 1945 in response to a request from a woman in California. It is, in effect, a form letter, sent out in the name of the Adjutant General by a clerk.
It is important because the sequence of pardons, declarations of amnesty and various laws applied to other ex-Confederates, as well as General Lee.
One minor error: it reports that when Lee applied for a Presidential Pardon, he failed to include the Oath of Allegiance as required by law. A few years ago the oath turned up, misfiled, perhaps deliberately by someone who did not want to see Lee pardoned. Bob Huddleston
A.G. 201
Lee, Robert E.
(16 Jan 45) RO-R
Mrs. Sam. A. Davis,
235 South Jackson,
Glendale 5, California.
Dear Mrs. Davis:
In response to your letter of 16 January 1945, herewith in a copy of my letter of 27 June 1936, regarding General Robert E. Lee, C.S.A.
"In a proclamation dated May 29, 1865 (13 Stat. 758), President Johnson granted, with certain exceptions, amnesty and pardon ‘to all persons who have, directly or indirectly, participated in the existing rebellion * * *’. Among the persons excepted from the operation of this proclamation were
"3rd. All who shall have been military or naval officers of said pretended confederate government above the rank of colonel in the army or lieutenant in the navy;
"5th. All who resigned or tendered resignations of their commissions in the army or navy of the United States to evade duty in resisting the rebellion;
"8th. All military and naval officers in the rebel service, who were educated by the government in the Military Academy at West Point or the United States Naval Academy."
"Persons who sought to accept the benefits of this proclamation were required to take and subscribe to, maintain inviolate, an oath of allegiance prescried therein.
"General Lee, although not included within the terms of this proclamation by reason of the above quoted exceptions, made application for a pardon which, however, appears never to have been aced upon by President Johnson. The required oath of allegiance did not accompany General Lee’s applciation (War of the Rebellion Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series I, Vol. XLVI, Part III, pp. 1275-1286).
"On July 4, 1868, President Johnson issued another proclamation of amnesty and pardon (15 Stat. 702) which was much broader in its application than that of May 29, 1865, in that it granted
"* * * unconditionally and without reservation, to all and to every person who directly or indirectly participated in the late insurrection or rebellion, excepting such person or persons as may be under presentment or indictment in any court of the United States having competent jurisdiction, upon a charge of treason or other felony, a full pardon and amnesty for the offence of treason against the United States, or of adhering to their enemies during the late civil war * * *".
"No oath of allegiance or other act was required of those who were pardoned by the amnesty of July 4, 1868, above cited.
"It would appear that this amnesty proclamation operated to pardon General Lee for the offense of treason for, so far as is known, General Lee was not under presentment or indictment upon a charge of treason or other felony.
"On July 13, 1868, nine days after the proclamation last above referred to, the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution was ratified by the last State necessary for its adoption.
"The third section of this amendment materially restricted the political rights of former officers of the United States who had participated in the rebellion against them, unless relieved from such disability by a vote of two-thirds of each House of Congress.
"In a proclamation dated December 25, 1868 (15 Stat. 711), President Johnson proclaimed and declared
" * * * unconditionally, and without reservation, to all and every person who directly or indirectly participated in the late insurrection or rebellion, a full pardon and amnesty for the offence of treason against the United States, or of adhering to their enemies during the late civil war, with restoration of all rights, privileges, and immunities under the Constitution and the laws which have been made in pursuance thereof.
"This proclamation following, as it did, the adoption of the Fourteenth Amendent, was necessarily limited in its operation by the restrictions imposed by that Amendement upon the President’s pardoning power. The proclamation was operative, however, to pardon General Lee for the offense of treason and restore all to his former constittuional rights, privileges and immunities except the right to hold certain offices.
"Following General Lee’s death, October 12, 1870, Congress, by the acts of May 22, 1872 (17 Stat. 142), and June 6, 1898 (30 Stat. 432), removed all political disabilities imposed by the 3rd Section of the Fourteenth Amendment.
"It seems clear that General Lee was in fact pardoned by President Johnson, if not by the proclamation of July 4, 1868, then certainly by that of December 25, 1868, and that any politcal limitations to which he was subject by the Fourteenth Amendment were removed by the act of June 6, 1898.
"It is the opinion of the War Department that full and complete amnesty was accorded to General Lee by the several proclamations and acts of Congress above referred to, and that there remains no disability with respect to him upon which a further act of the Executive or of Congress could be operative even if he were still living."
Sincerely yours,
J.A. ULIO,
Major General,
The Adjutant General
By:
201 File, Old Records Division, Adjutant General's Office, 1917- , RG 407, National Archives Microfilm M-2063, Military Service Records of Robert E. Lee
http://www.gdg.org/research/People/RELee/pardon.html
http://www.gdg.org/
President Ford Restores Robert E. Lee's Citizenship After 100 Years
Posted from burnpit.usPosted in these groups: 
American History
Civil War
American History Civil War
Posted >1 y ago
Responses: 12
7
7
0
No matter what you think of President Wilson, it appears that he was much wiser than many make him out to be.
President Woodrow Wilson's July 4, 1913 Gettysburg reunion address summarized the spirit: "We have found one another again as brothers and comrades in arms, enemies no longer, generous friends rather, our battles long past, the quarrel forgotten—except that we shall not forget the splendid valor."
Far too many of our fellow citizens have lost this important insight.
President Woodrow Wilson's July 4, 1913 Gettysburg reunion address summarized the spirit: "We have found one another again as brothers and comrades in arms, enemies no longer, generous friends rather, our battles long past, the quarrel forgotten—except that we shall not forget the splendid valor."
Far too many of our fellow citizens have lost this important insight.
(7)
(0)
MAJ (Join to see)
WW was a Princeton elite professor, he was the first "progressive", he lost it on freedom, capitalism, and local control of education.
(1)
(0)
PO3 Carl Denbow
He also was a bigot of the first water. He systematically removed blacks from the Civil Service, and thought that the racist movie, "Birth of a Nation," was accurate history. He slowly, and deservedly, is gradually sinking to the bottom level of American presidents as evaluated by historians. His slide has been slower than the facts would warrant, mainly because he is a Ph.D. and an academic, and the academy is slow to turn on "one of its own."
(3)
(0)
LTC Stephen F.
FYI PO3 Carl Denbow I concur with your assessment of former President Woodrow Wilson who also put all his political weight into the League of Nations which the USA Congress rejected.
Junior Delaware Senator Joe Biden signed Senate Joint Resolution 23 restoring US citizenship to General Robert E. Lee on April 10, 1975
Junior Delaware Senator Joe Biden signed Senate Joint Resolution 23 restoring US citizenship to General Robert E. Lee on April 10, 1975
(3)
(0)
6
6
0
Thank you my friend SSG Robert Webster for reminding us that on August 5, 1975 former President Gerald R Ford signed the Senate Joint Resolution 23 restored "full rights of citizenship to General Robert E. Lee" in a ceremony at Lee's former family property which is Arlington National Cemetery
Image: Junior Delaware Senator Joe Biden signed Senate Joint Resolution 23 restoring US citizenship to General Robert E. Lee on April 10, 1975
1. Background from {[https://www.mediaite.com/election-2020/heres-why-joe-biden-voted-to-restore-robert-e-lees-citizenship-in-1975/]}
By the way, Junior Delaware Senator Joe Biden Voted to Restore Robert E. Lee’s Citizenship in 1975....
The resolution, Senate Joint Resolution 23, was introduced in the Senate on January 30, 1975 by Sen. Harold Byrd (D-VA). ...
The resolution passed the Senate by unanimous consent on April 10, 1975, and passed the House by a vote of 407-10 on July 22, 1975.
The bill was signed on August 5, 1975 by Republican President Gerald Ford.'
2. President Gerald R. Ford's Remarks Upon Signing a Bill Restoring Rights of Citizenship to General Robert E. Lee source {[https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/speeches/750473.htm]}
August 5, 1975
Governor Godwin, Senator Byrd, Congressman Butler, Congressman Harris, Congressman Satterfield, Congressman Downing, and Congressman Daniel, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen:
I am very pleased to sign Senate Joint Resolution 23, restoring posthumously the long overdue, full rights of citizenship to General Robert E. Lee. This legislation corrects a 110-year oversight of American history. It is significant that it is signed at this place.
Lee's dedication to his native State of Virginia chartered his course for the bitter Civil War years, causing him to reluctantly resign from a distinguished career in the United States Army and to serve as General of the Army of Northern Virginia. He, thus, forfeited his rights to U.S. citizenship.
Once the war was over, he firmly felt the wounds of the North and South must be bound up. He sought to show by example that the citizens of the South must dedicate their efforts to rebuilding that region of the country as a strong and vital part of the American Union.
In 1865, Robert E. Lee wrote to a former Confederate soldier concerning his signing the Oath of Allegiance, and I quote: "This war, being at an end, the Southern States having laid down their arms, and the questions at issue between them and the Northern States having been decided, I believe it to be the duty of everyone to unite in the restoration of the country and the reestablishment of peace and harmony."
This resolution passed by the Congress responds to the formal application of General Lee to President Andrew Johnson on June 13, 1865, for the restoration of his full rights of citizenship. Although this petition was endorsed by General Grant and forwarded to the President through the Secretary of War, an Oath of Allegiance was not attached because notice of this additional requirement had not reached Lee in time.
Later, after his inauguration as President of Washington College on October 2, 1865, Lee executed a notarized Oath of Allegiance. Again his application was not acted upon because the Oath of Allegiance was apparently lost. It was finally discovered in the National Archives in 1970.
As a soldier, General Lee left his mark on military strategy. As a man, he stood as the symbol of valor and of duty. As an educator, he appealed to reason and learning to achieve understanding and to build a stronger nation. The course he chose after the war became a symbol to all those who had marched with him in the bitter years towards Appomattox.
General Lee's character has been an example to succeeding generations, making the restoration of his citizenship an event in which every American can take pride.
In approving this Joint Resolution, the Congress removed the legal obstacle to citizenship which resulted from General Lee's Civil War service. Although more than a century late, I am delighted to sign this resolution and to complete the full restoration of General Lee's citizenship."
NOTE: The President spoke at 2:12 p.m. at Arlington House, Arlington, Va. Arlington House, formerly known as the Custis-Lee Mansion, was the home of General Lee. As enacted, S.J. Res. 23 is Public Law 94-67 (89 Stat. 380).
FYI LTC Marc King COL Mikel J. Burroughs SFC (Join to see) Lt Col Charlie Brown SMSgt Lawrence McCarter TSgt David L. CPL Dave Hoover SGT Steve McFarland SSG William Jones PO2 (Join to see) 1SG (Join to see) 1SG Steven Imerman SFC William Farrell SFC Richard Williamson CPT Jack Durish SP5 Mark Kuzinski SSG Franklin Briant SSG Samuel Kermon GySgt Gary Cordeiro
Image: Junior Delaware Senator Joe Biden signed Senate Joint Resolution 23 restoring US citizenship to General Robert E. Lee on April 10, 1975
1. Background from {[https://www.mediaite.com/election-2020/heres-why-joe-biden-voted-to-restore-robert-e-lees-citizenship-in-1975/]}
By the way, Junior Delaware Senator Joe Biden Voted to Restore Robert E. Lee’s Citizenship in 1975....
The resolution, Senate Joint Resolution 23, was introduced in the Senate on January 30, 1975 by Sen. Harold Byrd (D-VA). ...
The resolution passed the Senate by unanimous consent on April 10, 1975, and passed the House by a vote of 407-10 on July 22, 1975.
The bill was signed on August 5, 1975 by Republican President Gerald Ford.'
2. President Gerald R. Ford's Remarks Upon Signing a Bill Restoring Rights of Citizenship to General Robert E. Lee source {[https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/speeches/750473.htm]}
August 5, 1975
Governor Godwin, Senator Byrd, Congressman Butler, Congressman Harris, Congressman Satterfield, Congressman Downing, and Congressman Daniel, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen:
I am very pleased to sign Senate Joint Resolution 23, restoring posthumously the long overdue, full rights of citizenship to General Robert E. Lee. This legislation corrects a 110-year oversight of American history. It is significant that it is signed at this place.
Lee's dedication to his native State of Virginia chartered his course for the bitter Civil War years, causing him to reluctantly resign from a distinguished career in the United States Army and to serve as General of the Army of Northern Virginia. He, thus, forfeited his rights to U.S. citizenship.
Once the war was over, he firmly felt the wounds of the North and South must be bound up. He sought to show by example that the citizens of the South must dedicate their efforts to rebuilding that region of the country as a strong and vital part of the American Union.
In 1865, Robert E. Lee wrote to a former Confederate soldier concerning his signing the Oath of Allegiance, and I quote: "This war, being at an end, the Southern States having laid down their arms, and the questions at issue between them and the Northern States having been decided, I believe it to be the duty of everyone to unite in the restoration of the country and the reestablishment of peace and harmony."
This resolution passed by the Congress responds to the formal application of General Lee to President Andrew Johnson on June 13, 1865, for the restoration of his full rights of citizenship. Although this petition was endorsed by General Grant and forwarded to the President through the Secretary of War, an Oath of Allegiance was not attached because notice of this additional requirement had not reached Lee in time.
Later, after his inauguration as President of Washington College on October 2, 1865, Lee executed a notarized Oath of Allegiance. Again his application was not acted upon because the Oath of Allegiance was apparently lost. It was finally discovered in the National Archives in 1970.
As a soldier, General Lee left his mark on military strategy. As a man, he stood as the symbol of valor and of duty. As an educator, he appealed to reason and learning to achieve understanding and to build a stronger nation. The course he chose after the war became a symbol to all those who had marched with him in the bitter years towards Appomattox.
General Lee's character has been an example to succeeding generations, making the restoration of his citizenship an event in which every American can take pride.
In approving this Joint Resolution, the Congress removed the legal obstacle to citizenship which resulted from General Lee's Civil War service. Although more than a century late, I am delighted to sign this resolution and to complete the full restoration of General Lee's citizenship."
NOTE: The President spoke at 2:12 p.m. at Arlington House, Arlington, Va. Arlington House, formerly known as the Custis-Lee Mansion, was the home of General Lee. As enacted, S.J. Res. 23 is Public Law 94-67 (89 Stat. 380).
FYI LTC Marc King COL Mikel J. Burroughs SFC (Join to see) Lt Col Charlie Brown SMSgt Lawrence McCarter TSgt David L. CPL Dave Hoover SGT Steve McFarland SSG William Jones PO2 (Join to see) 1SG (Join to see) 1SG Steven Imerman SFC William Farrell SFC Richard Williamson CPT Jack Durish SP5 Mark Kuzinski SSG Franklin Briant SSG Samuel Kermon GySgt Gary Cordeiro
(6)
(0)
4
4
0
The same man pardoned Nixon , so it was just par for the course pardoning criminals will always be part of his legacy.
It is strange how people are furious about Manning but want monuments for far worse traitors to be protected
It is strange how people are furious about Manning but want monuments for far worse traitors to be protected
(4)
(0)
1SG (Join to see)
SSG Robert Webster - Its seems the US government disagrees with that sentiment. Personally, I think the author oversimplified the case, which is dangerous with SCOTUS rulings. Those are, by nature, quite expansive.
(1)
(0)
SSG Gerhard S.
The court is not without great flaws. Whenever the court rules politically, or with partisanship, instead of through the lens of the Constitution we find flawed decisions. Look at Dred Scott v. Sanford, Buck v. Bell, Korematsu v. United States, Plessy v. Ferguson, et.al.
Is it really that surprising that a Supreme court made up of northern Judges in 1869 would rule against secession? This is more a matter of ruling politically, than ruling with the Constitution as the measure of law.
Is it really that surprising that a Supreme court made up of northern Judges in 1869 would rule against secession? This is more a matter of ruling politically, than ruling with the Constitution as the measure of law.
(1)
(0)
SSG Gerhard S.
1stSgt Nelson Kerr - I have down voted your comment regarding your assertion that I quoted a "Nazi" website to make my argument, and also for your insinuation "that tells me (you) everything I need to know about you (me)."
You received the down vote (something I've only done a few times) because you engaged in a personal attack. Also because I gave you the opportunity to prove your point by demonstrating that I cited a "Nazi" website, and for implying that I ostensibly hold some sort sympathetic views to Nazism. For the Record, nothing could be farther from the truth, and your inability to produce any evidence regarding the website, is the reason behind my down vote.
I will always welcome honest debate, and differences of opinion. But making false accusations, or insinuations, particularly of this nature, is NOT debate: It's slander, and it's a coward's way out of a debate when one has run out of arguments.
Regards.
You received the down vote (something I've only done a few times) because you engaged in a personal attack. Also because I gave you the opportunity to prove your point by demonstrating that I cited a "Nazi" website, and for implying that I ostensibly hold some sort sympathetic views to Nazism. For the Record, nothing could be farther from the truth, and your inability to produce any evidence regarding the website, is the reason behind my down vote.
I will always welcome honest debate, and differences of opinion. But making false accusations, or insinuations, particularly of this nature, is NOT debate: It's slander, and it's a coward's way out of a debate when one has run out of arguments.
Regards.
(2)
(0)
Read This Next
Continue with Facebook 
Continue with Google