If God separated the world by language, wouldn't he have sent a prophet who spoke each tongue in order to reunite all of His people?

For those who have a personal relationship with God, He speaks directly to our spirit SPC Rory J. Mattheisen. God communicates directly with us like He communicated with the prophets of the Old Testament period and the New Testament period.
When we see, hear, smell, or taste what we sense is "processed" by our mind/brain and therefore we perceive indirectly. God communicates directly to those He calls His own.
Islam demands that in order to understand the words of their unique prophet you must be able to read the Arabic text that was extent at his time.
Judaism prefers communication in Hebrew or Aramaic; but it is acceptable to speak, read and listen in the mother tongue of whoever is a Jew.
Christianity can be communicated in any language. Wycliffe Bible Translators and other organizations have been working to develop written languages for those languages which have no written language as a gateway to developing the Bible in each language.
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Um... wasn't that the whole point of Epiphany? When the Holy Spirit visited the Disciples as tongues of flame over their heads, and they began speaking in every language known?

Religious are made by man to make sense of the world, it should come as no surprise that people in harsh climates would perceive God as harsh or that people in areas that easily supported life would perceive God(s) differently. One way we can judge religion is by looking at the impact it has on it's followers. If one looks hard enough though, there is no doubt in my mind that almost every religion has really good and really terrible people following it which makes identifying the goodness or badness of a religion extremely difficult. Outside of noting that fundamentalism tends to sour the fruit in any religion where it's applied overzealously I hesitate to condemn the religious beliefs of anyone. All we can do, is do our best to love God(s), this world and our fellow men.

I think, if you were to look closely, you would notice that all major religions are very similar. Judaism borrowed heavily from the older Sumerian religions. Christianity and Islam are both heavily based on Judaism. Hinduism remained polytheistic, but still has some of the same ancient stories as Judaism. Then you have Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism, which all teach the same basic moral principles as the Abrahamic religions.

Short answer, is yes, they are all correct. Or, more to the point, different versions of the same truth. One could go as far to say that God gave each the same message, but that they interpreted the message differently.

And if languages were meant to prevent us from understanding each other, why are some people able to learn more than one?

I don't think this question is for me, but I'll throw an answer out there anyway. With regard to the verse you cite, and being charitable, I'd say the writer(s) wanted to explain the disparity of languages people encountered in the course of dealing with nations like Babylon, Egypt, etc.. Attributing this to a god made sense to them, and still does to some people. And, of course, people who still think it makes sense to attribute language differences to divine intervention can easily conceive of a large variety of ways to justify their belief. But, being an atheist, I would say something like this, wouldn't I?

I can see it. The problem comes with man's translation and now man understands it. This seems to be the biggest problem.

This is a religious message based on the bible

SPC Rory J. Mattheisen - Interesting thought about religions. Makes sense to me.
It is interesting how a comment about religions, in general, turns into comments about specific religions, i.e. advocating for a religion and/or criticizing a religion especially when the comment starts with "My question isn't about which religion is correct".

Brother we do have one language in Christ and to Christ. We have had since the day of Pentecost. Many can not receive this language because they have been taught against it. The secular world also has another one world language. Remember what He said about it the first time???? "Now NOTHING is impossible for them!!" Brother our knowledge today has brought to the point of being able to turn off the switch to the aging process. Immortality apart from God. I hear His previous footsteps on the porch brother. He will knock soon!! The new one world language is the binary code computers are based in brother. The Bet belongs to my Father, and His uses it to catch men. The enemy, well you know what they use it for.