What was the most significant event on July 22 during the U.S. Civil War?

In 1861 two state governments existed in Missouri. One was for secession and was led by Governor Jackson while the other was pro-Union and based in Jefferson City.
Battle of Atlanta in 1864: “The fighting that day was one of the biggest battles of the final ten months of the Civil War, and the Yankee victory east of the city was followed by daily bombardment of Atlanta and the Union's capture of the "Gate City of the South" on September 2, 1864.” The North lost a total of 3772 men (1333 wounded) while it is thought that the Confederates lost 6,500 men killed and wounded with another 2,000 missing. However, Hood claimed the battle as a victory as his men captured 13 artillery guns. But the defenders of Atlanta could not afford to lose 8,500 men in one battle.
Expedition from Springfield to and Skirmish with guerillas in Forsyth, Missouri in 1861: Report of Brig. Gen. Thomas W. Sweeney, U. S. Army. Headquarters Southwest Expedition Springfield. Missouri.
“Sir: In compliance with verbal orders received from you, I left this place on the evening of the 20th instant, and proceeded with dispatch to Forsyth, where I arrived about 6 p. m. on the 22nd.
On approaching the town I took every possible precaution to prevent the hostile force assembled there from becoming aware of our presence. The advance guard, which consisted of a company of mounted Kansas Rangers, fell in with a picket guard of the enemy some 3 1/2 miles from town, and succeeded in capturing 2 of them. Upon an examination of the prisoners, they informed me that there were only 150 men stationed at Forsyth whereupon I ordered Captain Stanley's cavalry command and the Kansas Rangers to press rapidly forward and surround the town.
After they had passed on, and before the remainder of my force had come up, one of the prisoners remarked, "If that is all you have, you will get badly whipped, for we have a thousand men in Forsyth." Supposing this statement might be true, although contradictory of his former assertion, I dispatched an order to Captain Stanley to keep the enemy in check if he found the resistance formidable, while I hastened forward with the artillery and infantry to his support. The enemy in the meantime had received information of our approach, and having partially formed in the town, opened a scattering fire on the cavalry, but as it was returned with a well directed volley from our troops, they fled to the hills and surrounding thickets, keeping up a scattering fire as they retreated.
Under cover of the trees and bushes, they collected in considerable numbers upon the hills to the left of the town, from which they were dislodged by a well-directed fire of shell and canister from the artillery. The infantry meanwhile had been deployed as skirmishers thru the woods and in the rear of the city, and but a short time elapsed before we were in complete possession of the place.
From the best information I could gather, the loss of the enemy killed was 8 or 10, and in wounded must have been several times that number. Among the dead was Captain Jackson, who took an active part in the skirmish. Our own loss consisted of 2 men wounded, neither of them dangerously, and four horses killed, included the one shot from under Captain Stanley, First Cavalry. The men belonged to the Cavalry. Three prisoners were taken on the day of the action, and 2 on the day following.
The entire affair lasted about an hour, and both officers and men engaged exhibited great coolness and courage. With the town we also captured 7 horses, and a quantity of arms, munitions of war, flour, meal, sugar, sirup, salt, clothing, cloth, boots, shoes, hats, camp furniture, mule and horse shoes etc. most of which we found in the court house which was used as a barracks for their troops. The arms and munitions of war were distributed among the Home Guards of the county and the clothing and provisions among our troops of which they stood in great need.
The country thru which we passed is exceedingly hilly and broken, and the latter part of the route almost entirely destitute of provisions for men and forage for horses.
Notwithstanding the adverse weather, which was remarkably stormy for a portion of the time, the march of 45 miles and the capture of the place occupied little over 50 hours. The last day the troops marched 28 miles, the last 4 of which were passed over at double quick time.
I remained in Forsyth till noon of the 23rd receiving the captured property, and then took up the line of march for Springfield, which I reached at 2 p.m. of Thursday the 25th instant.
Very respectfully, Your obedient servant. T. W. Sweeney, Brigadier-General, Commanding.

Below are a number of journal entries from 1862 and 1863 which shed light on what life was like for soldiers and civilians – the good, the bad and the ugly.
Tuesday, July 22, 1862: Gen. Edmund Kirby-Smith, commander of the Confederate troops at Knoxville, Tennessee, writes a poignant heart-felt letter home to his wife: Knoxville July 22nd. “Darling Wife, I am quite tired but fore going to bed I will write you a few lines. My health is quite restored and I am ready for active service; it is fortunate I went to the mountains. My system reacted and I recovered my strength so rapidly, they say I am fatting and am looking better than I have done for months. Dearest Wife, I do so long for peace and quiet and for a release from my responsibilities. . . . My own precious wife I do so miss you, and do so long to see you once more. it seems I never know how much I love you and how dear you are to me till I lose. it may be that God thus [?] and strengthens our affections. I know darling when away your image fills my mind, and thoughts of you will cheer & comfort me in my labors. Darling you will not think me foolish, you will not any less love me, that I make so much of you. I can not help it, and I love, cherish and spoil you, if making so much of you will spoil. . . . Buel is fast concentrating for attack, Forrest’s operations in middle Tenn. have delayed him as I intended they should, I expected Gen. Bragg to have had time to have cooperated with me by [?] delay, he was to have moved up into Middle Tenn. He telegraphed me now that he cannot move that way, but will send reenforcements via Mobile. God grant they arrive in time. Wife I feel that all will be well with me here, I have the assurance that I have [spared no exertions?], all is in Gods hands & in him is my trust. Pray for me my darling & may he in his mercy watch over and bless you prays your devoted husband.”
Tuesday, July 22, 1862: The Richmond Daily Dispatch publishes an editorial about the rapid rise of Abolitionist sentiment and rhetoric in Northern newspapers—even the New York Herald, which had been moderate on the slave question in the past: “There is nothing in the recent uncontrolled and uncontrollable away of the Abolitionists at the North to alarm the South. Since the war began it has been virtually one of robbery. The daily journals North and South have furnished the daily evidence of this. The Federal invaders have never spared the property of the Southern people. The slaves were always taken when they could be transported, or when they could be induced to leave their homes. None of them have ever been returned. All other property has been appropriated to the uses of the Yankees wherever they have gone. None but those traitors who took the oath of allegiance to the North were allowed to retain anything that Yankee cupidity or appetite, or Yankee malignity, desired to possess or wished to destroy.”
Wednesday, July 22, 1863: The Diary of John B. Jones. Confederate supplies were dwindling, and the eastern half of the Confederacy could no longer draw on supplies from the trans-Mississippi. “July 22d.—Col. Northrop, Commissary-General, sends in a paper to-day saying that only a quarter of a pound of meat per day can be given the soldiers, except when marching, and then only half a pound. He says no more can be derived from the trans-Mississippi country, nor from the State of Mississippi, or Tennessee, and parts of Georgia and Alabama; and if more than the amount he receives be given the soldiers, the negroes will have to go without any. He adds, however, that the peasants of Europe rarely have any meat, and in Hindostan, never.
Wednesday, July 22, 1863: Col. Bradley T. Johnson, who commanded a brigade at Gettysburg, writes that on the first day we carried everything before us, capturing 8000 prisoners and losing but few men; the error was in not following up the attack with all our forces immediately, and in not having sufficient ammunition on the field
Wednesday, July 22, 1863: Captain Charles Francis Adams, Jr., of the 1st Massachusetts Cavalry Regiment, writes to his father, Charles, Sr., who serves as U.S. Ambassador to Britain, about the achievements of the summer, particularly in regard to the use of black soldiers: “Do you realise what prodigious victories we have won this summer? Men and money are the sinews of war. While we have reduced gold fifty per cent in five months, we have settled the question of a negro soldiery, and at last enforced the draft, thus opening an unlimited supply of recruits. Two years have thus brought us to just what we never had before, plenty of money and plenty of men. The negro regiment question is our greatest victory of the war so far, and, I can assure you, that in the army, these are so much of a success that they will soon be the fashion. General Andrews, formerly of the 2nd Massachusetts and one of the bravest and most reliable officers in the service, is organizing a corps of these soldiers in South Carolina, and he writes to officers here that, though he went out with all a conservative’s prejudices against their use, he has seen them do well under indifferent officers and he is confident that under good officers they will make troops equal to the best. This is a great deal from Andrews.”

Pictures: 1864-07-22 Battle of Atlanta troops in conflict; CSS_Arkansas_1; 1864-07-22 DeGress' Battery firing at the Battle of Atlanta; 1864-07-21 the fall of general James Birdseye McPherson

A. Monday, July 22, 1861: Skirmish with guerillas in Forsyth, Missouri: Temporary union victory. A Union force, commanded by Brig. Gen. Thomas Sweeny, attacked the local Confederate force at Forsyth. The advance guard consisting of a company of mounted Kansas Rangers, fell in with a picket guard of the enemy some 3 1/2 miles from town, and succeeded in capturing 2 of them. Upon an examination of the prisoners, they informed me that there were only 150 men stationed at Forsyth whereupon I ordered Captain Stanley's cavalry command and the Kansas Rangers to press rapidly forward and surround the town.
The enemy in the meantime had received information of our approach, and having partially formed in the town, opened a scattering fire on the cavalry, but as it was returned with a well-directed volley from our troops, they fled to the hills and surrounding thickets, keeping up a scattering fire as they retreated.
The loss of the enemy killed was 8 or 10, and in wounded must have been several times that number. Among the dead was Captain Jackson, who took an active part in the skirmish. Our own loss consisted of 2 men wounded, neither of them dangerously, and four horses killed, included the one shot from under Captain Stanley, First Cavalry. The Confederates were driven away, letting Sweeny able to occupy the town. However, after the Union troops left the area Confederates regained control.
B. Monday, July 22, 1861: The Aftermath of First Bull Run. On this day in 1861, the leaders of the Union Army were coping with the aftermath of the First Battle of Bull Run. After a brief initial success, the Union Army under the command of McDowell had collapsed in panic and fled the field. General in Chief Winfield Scott worked to patch up a defense of Washington, DC and made the fateful decision to summon George B. McClellan to Washington with a view towards placing him in field command.
C. Tuesday, July 22, 1862: While at Vicksburg, the CSS Arkansas ironclad was attacked by the USS Queen of the West and the USS ironclad Essex, but was not severely damaged. In the morning the USS Essex, Queen of the West, and Sumter mounted an ill-coordinated attack. First Essex attempted to ram, but as she approached, the Arkansas crew were able to spring her. As a result, Essex missed her target and ran aground instead, where for ten minutes she remained under fire from both Arkansas and the shore batteries. The armor on Essex protected her crew, however, so she lost only one man killed and three wounded. On the other hand, one of her shots penetrated the iron plating on Arkansas, killing six and wounding six. When Essex worked off the bank, she continued downstream, where she joined Farragut's squadron.
Though badly in need of repairs, Arkansas was next ordered to steam down the river to assist Confederate forces in an attack on Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
Background: To remove the problem of the threat of the CSS Arkansas, the Union fleet tried once again to destroy the ironclad at her mooring. At this time, the severely reduced crew of Arkansas could man only three guns, so she depended for protection on the shore batteries.
D. Friday, July 22, 1864: Battle of Atlanta, Georgia. The Union held the ground at this costly battle. CSA Gen. John Bell Hood ordered an attack on the Army of the Tennessee. Both sides claimed victory in the battle. The North lost a total of 3772 men (1333 wounded) while it is thought that the Confederates lost 6,500 men killed and wounded with another 2,000 missing. However, Hood claimed the battle as a victory as his men captured 13 artillery guns. But the defenders of Atlanta could not afford to lose 8,500 men in one battle.
Principal Commanders: Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman [US]; Gen. John Bell Hood [CS]
Forces Engaged: Military Division of the Mississippi [US]; Army of Tennessee [CS]
Estimated Casualties: 12,140 total (US 3,641; CS 8,499)
Description: Following the Battle of Peachtree Creek, Hood determined to attack Maj. Gen. James B. McPherson’s Army of the Tennessee. He withdrew his main army at night from Atlanta’ s outer line to the inner line, enticing Sherman to follow. In the meantime, he sent William J. Hardee with his corps on a fifteen-mile march to hit the unprotected Union left and rear, east of the city. Wheeler’s cavalry was to operate farther out on Sherman’s supply line, and Gen. Frank Cheatham’s corps were to attack the Union front. Hood, however, miscalculated the time necessary to make the march, and Hardee was unable to attack until afternoon. Although Hood had outmaneuvered Sherman for the time being, McPherson was concerned about his left flank and sent his reserves—Grenville Dodge’s XVI Army Corps—to that location. Two of Hood’s divisions ran into this reserve force and were repulsed. The Rebel attack stalled on the Union rear but began to roll up the left flank. Around the same time, a Confederate soldier shot and killed McPherson when he rode out to observe the fighting. Determined attacks continued, but the Union forces held. About 4:00 pm, Cheatham’s corps broke through the Union front at the Hurt House, but Sherman massed twenty artillery pieces on a knoll near his headquarters to shell these Confederates and halt their drive. Maj. Gen. John A. Logan’ s XV Army Corps then led a counterattack that restored the Union line. The Union troops held, and Hood suffered high casualties.


1. Monday, July 22, 1861: Expedition from Springfield to and Skirmish at Forsyth, Missouri in 1861: Report of Brig. Gen. Thomas W. Sweeney, U. S. Army. Headquarters Southwest Expedition Springfield. Missouri.
“Sir: In compliance with verbal orders received from you, I left this place on the evening of the 20th instant, and proceeded with dispatch to Forsyth, where I arrived about 6 p. m. on the 22nd.
On approaching the town I took every possible precaution to prevent the hostile force assembled there from becoming aware of our presence. The advance guard, which consisted of a company of mounted Kansas Rangers, fell in with a picket guard of the enemy some 3 1/2 miles from town, and succeeded in capturing 2 of them. Upon an examination of the prisoners, they informed me that there were only 150 men stationed at Forsyth whereupon I ordered Captain Stanley's cavalry command and the Kansas Rangers to press rapidly forward and surround the town.
After they had passed on, and before the remainder of my force had come up, one of the prisoners remarked, "If that is all you have, you will get badly whipped, for we have a thousand men in Forsyth." Supposing this statement might be true, although contradictory of his former assertion, I dispatched an order to Captain Stanley to keep the enemy in check if he found the resistance formidable, while I hastened forward with the artillery and infantry to his support. The enemy in the meantime had received information of our approach, and having partially formed in the town, opened a scattering fire on the cavalry, but as it was returned with a well directed volley from our troops, they fled to the hills and surrounding thickets, keeping up a scattering fire as they retreated.
Under cover of the trees and bushes, they collected in considerable numbers upon the hills to the left of the town, from which they were dislodged by a well-directed fire of shell and canister from the artillery. The infantry meanwhile had been deployed as skirmishers thru the woods and in the rear of the city, and but a short time elapsed before we were in complete possession of the place.
From the best information I could gather, the loss of the enemy killed was 8 or 10, and in wounded must have been several times that number. Among the dead was Captain Jackson, who took an active part in the skirmish. Our own loss consisted of 2 men wounded, neither of them dangerously, and four horses killed, included the one shot from under Captain Stanley, First Cavalry. The men belonged to the Cavalry. Three prisoners were taken on the day of the action, and 2 on the day following.
The entire affair lasted about an hour, and both officers and men engaged exhibited great coolness and courage. With the town we also captured 7 horses, and a quantity of arms, munitions of war, flour, meal, sugar, sirup, salt, clothing, cloth, boots, shoes, hats, camp furniture, mule and horse shoes etc. most of which we found in the court house which was used as a barracks for their troops. The arms and munitions of war were distributed among the Home Guards of the county and the clothing and provisions among our troops of which they stood in great need.
The country thru which we passed is exceedingly hilly and broken, and the latter part of the route almost entirely destitute of provisions for men and forage for horses.
Notwithstanding the adverse weather, which was remarkably stormy for a portion of the time, the march of 45 miles and the capture of the place occupied little over 50 hours. The last day the troops marched 28 miles, the last 4 of which were passed over at double quick time.
I remained in Forsyth till noon of the 23rd receiving the captured property, and then took up the line of march for Springfield, which I reached at 2 p.m. of Thursday the 25th instant.
Very respectfully, Your obedient servant. T. W. Sweeney, Brigadier-General, Commanding.
http://thelibrary.org/lochist/periodicals/wrv/v1/n3/sp62b.htm
2. Monday, July 22, 1861: Two state governments existed in Missouri. One was for secession and was led by Governor Jackson while the other was pro-Union and based in Jefferson City.
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/the-american-civil-war/american-civil-war-july-1861/
3. Monday, July 22, 1861: George B. McClellan [US] ordered to Washington to take command of the Army of the Potomac following the defeat at Bull Run.
http://blueandgraytrail.com/year/186107
4. Monday, July 22, 1861: In a proclamation, Jefferson Davis accepts Tennessee as a member of the Confederacy.
http://blueandgraytrail.com/year/186107
5. BEVERLY, VA., July 22, 1861. General WINFIELD SCOTT: “Your telegram of 8 p. m. received. I am much pained at its contents. My three-months' men are homesick and discontented with their officers, and determined to return at once. When I suggested the Staunton movement I expected these regiments to unite in it. I should be compelled to fight the enemy now ascertained in force at Monterey, and should reach Staunton without men enough to accomplish much. McDowell's check would greatly increase my difficulties and render numerous detachments necessary to keep open my communications and protect my flanks. How would it meet your views were I to leave, say, four regiments at Huttonsville and in the strong position of Cheat Mountain, one at Beverly, one at Bulltown, and send two or three and a better general to re-enforce Cox, then move with the rest y railroad to New Creek, on Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and effect a junction with Patterson near Jamesburg, on the road from New Creek to Charlestown? With this force, in addition to such State troops as Pennsylvania can furnish, we should be able either to defeat Johnston or separate him from Beauregard, and, connecting with McDowell, fight them in detail. I shall know early to-morrow the exact condition of the three-years' regiments now in Ohio and Indiana. Depending upon that information, I can join Petterson with probably fifteen thousand men besides such as Pennsylvania can furnish. The time required would be about seven days, perhaps six, from the day on which I receive your orders until the junction with Petterson at Jamesburg. This, though not so brilliant a plan as a movement on Staunton, appears to me the sounder and safer one. Whatever your instructions may be, I will do my best to carry them out. I will suspend all further preparations for my projected movement on Kanawha until I hear from you. Please reply by telegraph at once.
GEO. B. McCLELLAN, Major-General, U. S. Army.
http://www.civilwar-online.com/search?q=July+22%2C+1861
6. WASHINGTON, July 22, 1861. Major General GEORGE B. McCLELLAN, Grafton, Va.: “General A. S. Johnston, of the Confederate Army, is marching with a large force into Northwestern Virginia. The operator at Grafton will get this message to General McClellan wherever he may be. JNO. S. CARLILE.
http://www.civilwar-online.com/search?q=July+22%2C+1861
7. HEADQUARTERS, July 22, 1861-1 a. m. General McCLELLAN, Beverly, Va.: “After fairly beating the enemy, and taking three of his batteries, a panic seized McDowell's army, and it is in full retreat on the Potomac.
A most unaccountable transformation into a mob of a finely-appointed and admirably-led army. Five regiments have been ordered to join you from Ohio. Brigadier-General Reynolds has been commissioned and ordered to report to you. Remain in your present command instead of going to the Valley of the Shenandoah. WINFIELD SCOTT.
http://www.civilwar-online.com/search?q=July+22%2C+1861
8. ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S OFFICE, Washington, D. C., July 22, 1861. General GEORGE B. McCLELLAN, Beverly, Va.: “Circumstances make your presence here necessary. Charge Rosecrans or some other general with your present department and come hither without delay.”
L. THOMAS, Adjutant-General.
http://www.civilwar-online.com/search?q=July+22%2C+1861
9. FAIRFAX STATION, July 22, 1861-12.15 a. m. General SCOTT: “I have my own regiment, 700; Colonel Taylor's New Jersey, 825; Colonel Johnson's New Jersey, 550.
I have heard no firing so far as I can hear. Panic is unabated.
I have sent an aide to General McDowell two hours and a half since; he has not returned.
I will dispatch another, and inform you at once.
One has returned. McCUNN.
http://www.civilwar-online.com/search?q=July+22%2C+1861
10. ALEXANDRIA, July 22, 1861. Honorable S. CAMERON: “SIR: There are about seven thousand men here without officers. Nothing but confusion. Please tell me what I shall do with my regiment.
J. E. KERRIGAN, Colonel Twenty-fifth New York Volunteers.
http://www.civilwar-online.com/search?q=July+22%2C+1861
11. MONDAY, July 22, 1861-a. m. General RUNYON, Alexandria, Va.: “Consult engineers, and strengthen the garrisons of Forts Ellsworth, Runyon, and Albany. Similar instructions are given in respect to Fort Corcoran. Some regiments besides the garrisons will be halted on that side of the river; the number to be determined by General Mansfield or General McDowell, when the troops arrive from the interior. WINFIELD SCOTT.
http://www.civilwar-online.com/search?q=July+22%2C+1861
12. Tuesday, July 22, 1862: Florida, Missouri - On July 22, Col. Joseph C. Porter and his band of Confederate raiders entered the town of Florida in the morning. Florida was currently being occupied by a 50-man detachment from the 3rd Iowa Cavalry. The Confederates attacked the Union cavalry and a brisk skirmish ensued. After an hour of fighting, the Union cavalry was forces from the town and headed to Paris with about 26 killed and wounded.
http://www.mycivilwar.com/battles/1862s.html
13. Tuesday, July 22, 1862 --- President Lincoln calls an impromptu meeting of his Cabinet, and surprises them by presenting a draft of an Emancipation Proclamation. The Cabinet members are shocked: Secretary Chase even suggests that it goes too far. Secretary of State William Seward suggests that Lincoln not issue the document until later---to “postpone its issue, until you can give it to the country supported by military success, instead of issuing it, as would be the case now, upon the greatest disasters of the war! [McClellan's failed Peninsula Campaign].”
http://civilwarsesquicentdaily-wolfshield.blogspot.com/search?q=July+22%2C+1862
14. Tuesday, July 22, 1862 --- The Richmond Daily Dispatch publishes an editorial about the rapid rise of Abolitionist sentiment and rhetoric in Northern newspapers—even the New York Herald, which had been moderate on the slave question in the past: There is nothing in the recent uncontrolled and uncontrollable away of the Abolitionists at the North to alarm the South. Since the war began it has been virtually one of robbery. The daily journals North and South have furnished the daily evidence of this. The Federal invaders have never spared the property of the Southern people. The slaves were always taken when they could be transported, or when they could be induced to leave their homes. None of them have ever been returned. All other property has been appropriated to the uses of the Yankees wherever they have gone. None but those traitors who took the oath of allegiance to the North were allowed to retain anything that Yankee cupidity or appetite, or Yankee malignity, desired to possess or wished to destroy.”
http://civilwarsesquicentdaily-wolfshield.blogspot.com/search?q=July+22%2C+1862
15. Tuesday, July 22, 1862 --- Gen. Edmund Kirby-Smith, commander of the Confederate troops at Knoxville, Tennessee, writes a poignant heart-felt letter home to his wife: Knoxville July 22nd. “Darling Wife, I am quite tired but fore going to bed I will write you a few lines. My health is quite restored and I am ready for active service; it is fortunate I went to the mountains. My system reacted and I recovered my strength so rapidly, they say I am fatting and am looking better than I have done for months. Dearest Wife, I do so long for peace and quiet and for a release from my responsibilities. . . . My own precious wife I do so miss you, and do so long to see you once more. it seems I never know how much I love you and how dear you are to me till I lose. it may be that God thus [?] and strengthens our affections. I know darling when away your image fills my mind, and thoughts of you will cheer & comfort me in my labors. Darling you will not think me foolish, you will not any less love me, that I make so much of you. I can not help it, and I love, cherish and spoil you, if making so much of you will spoil. . . . Buel is fast concentrating for attack, Forrest’s operations in middle Tenn. have delayed him as I intended they should, I expected Gen. Bragg to have had time to have cooperated with me by [?] delay, he was to have moved up into Middle Tenn. He telegraphed me now that he cannot move that way, but will send reenforcements via Mobile. God grant they arrive in time. Wife I feel that all will be well with me here, I have the assurance that I have [spared no exertions?], all is in Gods hands & in him is my trust. Pray for me my darling & may he in his mercy watch over and bless you prays your devoted husband.”
http://civilwarsesquicentdaily-wolfshield.blogspot.com/search?q=July+22%2C+1862
16. Tuesday, July 22, 1862: While at Vicksburg on 22 July, Arkansas was attacked by the Queen of the West and ironclad Essex, but was not severely damaged. Though badly in need of repairs, she was next ordered to steam down the river to assist Confederate forces in an attack on Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
http://americancivilwar.com/tcwn/civil_war/Navy_Ships/CSS_Arkansas.html
17. Wednesday, July 22, 1863: The Diary of John B. Jones. Confederate supplies were dwindling, and the eastern half of the Confederacy could no longer draw on supplies from the trans-Mississippi. “July 22d.—Col. Northrop, Commissary-General, sends in a paper to-day saying that only a quarter of a pound of meat per day can be given the soldiers, except when marching, and then only half a pound. He says no more can be derived from the trans-Mississippi country, nor from the State of Mississippi, or Tennessee, and parts of Georgia and Alabama; and if more than the amount he receives be given the soldiers, the negroes will have to go without any. He adds, however, that the peasants of Europe rarely have any meat, and in Hindostan, never.
http://www.civilwar-online.com/search?q=July+22%2C+1863
18. Wednesday, July 22, 1863: Col. Bradley T. Johnson, who commanded a brigade at Gettysburg, writes that on the first day we carried everything before us, capturing 8000 prisoners and losing but few men; the error was in not following up the attack with all our forces immediately, and in not having sufficient ammunition on the field.
http://www.civilwar-online.com/search?q=July+22%2C+1863
19. Tuesday, July 22, 1862: President Lincoln presents his Emancipation Proclamation to his Cabinet. William Seward recommends waiting until a victory to present it to the public.
http://blueandgraytrail.com/year/186207
20. Tuesday, July 22, 1862: Lincoln presented his Cabinet with his draft emancipation proclamation, which called for the freeing of slaves in states in rebellion against the Union. On this day the North and South also agreed on an exchange of prisoners.
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/the-american-civil-war/american-civil-war-july-1862/
21. Wednesday, July 22, 1863 --- Captain Charles Francis Adams, Jr., of the 1st Massachusetts Cavalry Regiment, writes to his father, Charles, Sr., who serves as U.S. Ambassador to Britain, about the achievements of the summer, particularly in regard to the use of black soldiers: “Do you realise what prodigious victories we have won this summer? Men and money are the sinews of war. While we have reduced gold fifty per cent in five months, we have settled the question of a negro soldiery, and at last enforced the draft, thus opening an unlimited supply of recruits. Two years have thus brought us to just what we never had before, plenty of money and plenty of men. The negro regiment question is our greatest victory of the war so far, and, I can assure you, that in the army, these are so much of a success that they will soon be the fashion. General Andrews, formerly of the 2nd Massachusetts and one of the bravest and most reliable officers in the service, is organizing a corps of these soldiers in South Carolina, and he writes to officers here that, though he went out with all a conservative’s prejudices against their use, he has seen them do well under indifferent officers and he is confident that under good officers they will make troops equal to the best. This is a great deal from Andrews.”
http://civilwarsesquicentdaily-wolfshield.blogspot.com/search?q=July+22%2C+1863

A Monday, July 22, 1861: Forsyth, Missouri - On July 22, a Union force, commanded by Brig. Gen. Thomas Sweeny, attacked the local Confederate force at Forsyth. The Confederates were driven away, letting Sweeny able to occupy the town.
http://www.mycivilwar.com/battles/1861s.html
A+ Monday, July 22, 1861: Forsyth, Missouri. In July, 1861, Union troops under General Thomas Sweeney ran the Confederates out. However, after the Union troops left the area Confederates regained control.
http://www.ozarkscivilwar.org/regions/taney
B Monday, July 22, 1861: The Aftermath of First Bull Run. On this day in 1861, the leaders of the Union Army were coping with the aftermath of the First Battle of Bull Run. After a brief initial success, the Union Army under the command of McDowell had collapsed in panic and fled the field. General in Chief Winfield Scott worked to patch up a defense of Washington, DC and made the fateful decision to summon George B. McClellan to Washington with a view towards placing him in field command.
http://www.civilwar-online.com/search?q=July+22%2C+1861
C Tuesday, July 22, 1862: near Vicksburg, Mississippi - On July 22, the Confederate ironclad, CSS Arkansas, was near Vicksburg when it spotted two Union ships, the USS Essex and the Union ram USS Queen of the West. The Arkansas engaged the ships, damaging both of them. The Federals were forced to withdraw from the area.
http://www.mycivilwar.com/battles/1862s.html
C+ Tuesday, July 22, 1862: near Vicksburg, Mississippi: To remove the problem, the Union fleet tried once again to destroy the ironclad at her mooring. At this time, the severely reduced crew of Arkansas could man only three guns, so she depended for protection on the shore batteries. On the morning of 22 July, USS Essex, Queen of the West, and Sumter mounted an ill-coordinated attack. First Essex attempted to ram, but as she approached, the Arkansas crew were able to spring her. As a result, Essex missed her target and ran aground instead, where for ten minutes she remained under fire from both Arkansas and the shore batteries. The armor on Essex protected her crew, however, so she lost only one man killed and three wounded. On the other hand, one of her shots penetrated the iron plating on Arkansas, killing six and wounding six. When Essex worked off the bank, she continued downstream, where she joined Farragut's squadron.
Meanwhile, Queen of the West was making her run. Her captain misjudged her speed, so she ran past Arkansas and had to come back and ram upstream. Although she struck fairly, her reduced momentum meant that the collision did little damage. She then returned to the flotilla above the city. She had been riddled by shot from the batteries, but surprisingly suffered no serious casualties.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS_Arkansas
D Friday, July 22, 1864: Undeterred by Peachtree Creek, Hood still believed that being offensively minded was his best approach. He ordered an attack on the Army of the Tennessee commanded by McPherson who was killed in this battle. Both sides claimed victory in the battle. The North lost a total of 3772 men (1333 wounded) while it is thought that the Confederates lost 6,500 men killed and wounded with another 2,000 missing. However, Hood claimed the battle as a victory as his men captured 13 artillery guns. But the defenders of Atlanta could not afford to lose 8,500 men in one battle.
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/the-american-civil-war/american-civil-war-july-1864/
D+ Friday, July 22, 1864: Battle of Atlanta, Georgia. Fulton County
Principal Commanders: Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman [US]; Gen. John Bell Hood [CS]
Forces Engaged: Military Division of the Mississippi [US]; Army of Tennessee [CS]
Estimated Casualties: 12,140 total (US 3,641; CS 8,499)
Description: Following the Battle of Peachtree Creek, Hood determined to attack Maj. Gen. James B. McPherson’s Army of the Tennessee. He withdrew his main army at night from Atlanta’ s outer line to the inner line, enticing Sherman to follow. In the meantime, he sent William J. Hardee with his corps on a fifteen-mile march to hit the unprotected Union left and rear, east of the city. Wheeler’s cavalry was to operate farther out on Sherman’s supply line, and Gen. Frank Cheatham’s corps were to attack the Union front. Hood, however, miscalculated the time necessary to make the march, and Hardee was unable to attack until afternoon. Although Hood had outmaneuvered Sherman for the time being, McPherson was concerned about his left flank and sent his reserves—Grenville Dodge’s XVI Army Corps—to that location. Two of Hood’s divisions ran into this reserve force and were repulsed. The Rebel attack stalled on the Union rear but began to roll up the left flank. Around the same time, a Confederate soldier shot and killed McPherson when he rode out to observe the fighting. Determined attacks continued, but the Union forces held. About 4:00 pm, Cheatham’s corps broke through the Union front at the Hurt House, but Sherman massed twenty artillery pieces on a knoll near his headquarters to shell these Confederates and halt their drive. Maj. Gen. John A. Logan’ s XV Army Corps then led a counterattack that restored the Union line. The Union troops held, and Hood suffered high casualties.
https://www.nps.gov/abpp/battles/ga017.htm
FYI SPC Deb Root-WhiteLt Col Charlie Brown GySgt Jack Wallace CWO4 Terrence Clark SPC Michael Oles SR SPC Michael Terrell TSgt David L. PO1 John Johnson SPC (Join to see) SMSgt Lawrence McCarter SGT Paul RussoA1C Pamela G RussellLTC Trent KlugMSG Roy CheeverPO2 Russell "Russ" Lincoln SFC William Farrell SFC Bernard Walko SFC Stephen King SFC Ralph E Kelley SSG Franklin Briant

Good thing generals getting killed are pretty much a thing of the past LTC Stephen F.

Thanks! Always informative.